Lesson 9: Energy Mix Flashcards
Define energy mix
The proportion of each primary energy resource a country uses per year. The resources may be domestic or imported
What are non-renewable resources?
Coal, oil, natural gas
Exploitation and use will lead to their exhaustion
What are renewable resources?
Solar, wind, wave power
Continuous flows of nature and can be constantly re-used
What are recyclable resources?
Processed uranium and plutonium from nuclear power plants and heat recovery systems
Define primary energy
Natural energy resources that have not been converted into another form of energy e.g. coal, oil and gas (consumed in the raw form)
Define secondary energy
Energy referring to what the primary source has been converted into, usually electricity
Give an example of accessibility to primary energy resources from outside the country
Europe imports gas from Russia - 80% of Russian gas exports are to exports - mainly Gazprom
Give an example of changing energy consumption patterns linked to population and economic growth
India has a population of 1.2 billion
High energy demands as a result to provide
Give an example of national and regional policies that affect energy production and consumption
Countries in 2015 Paris Climate Agreement aim to reduce fossil fuel use
UK national gov aim to reduce emissions by banning diesel and petrol cars by 2025
Give an example of cultural and historical legacies and geopolitical links
India has a deal with Canada for them to provide India with 3.2 million kilos of uranium for nuclear power
Give an example of financial costs of each energy option
Countries with little capital like India consume the cheapest resources which is currently fossil fuels
What % of the UK energy mix is coal and oil?
Less than 1%
What % of the UK energy mix is natural gas?
38%
What % of the UK energy mix is wind?
20%
What % of the UK energy mix is biomass?
12%
What % of the UK energy mix is solar?
6%
What % of the UK energy mix is nuclear?
19%
Define energy security
Being able to access reliable and affordable energy sources - either domestic or from ‘friendly’ overseas countries
Where did the UK rely on heavily for coal in the 1970s?
Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, South Wales, and North-East England
Where did the UK use oil and gas from for their energy mix?
North Sea oil and gas
What was the benefit of North Sea oil?
Provided a secure alternative to dependency on Middle Eastern oil after prices rose
When did global prices in oil fall making it a less viable resource for the UK?
1997-98
2014-15
How many years worth of coal reserves are there in the UK?
150 years
When did the UK’s last coal mine close?
2015
Which companies control the energy resources of the UK after privatisation?
France’s EDF and Germany’s E-on
What is energy use per capita in the UK in 2014 ?
2752 kgoe
What is average household energy cost in the UK in 2015?
£1300
What % reduction in domestic GHGs did the UK commit to by 2030?
40%
What scheme did the UK abandon in 2015?
Green deal conservation and insulation schemes
What were UK emissions per capita in 2015?
7.13 tonnes
What is Norway’s main energy source?
HEP
How many HEP sites does Norway have?
600
What % of renewables do HEP supply for Norway?
97.5%
Since when was HEP used in Norway?
1907
What company organises HEP in Norway?
Norwegian Water and Energy Directorate
What is energy use per capita in Norway in 2014?
5854 kgoe
What is the average annual household income in Norway in 2015?
£2400
What % reduction in GHGs did Norway commit to in 2015?
40%
What policy did Norway launch in 2016?
Policy for Change to be carbon neutral by 2050
What was Norway’s CO2 emissions per capita in 2015?
11.74 tonnes
