Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

one day; a certain day

A

ある日

(ひ)

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2
Q

chase game; game of tag

A

追いかけっこ

(お)

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3
Q

female cow

A

雌牛

(め・うし)

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4
Q

farmer

A

お百姓

(ひゃく・しょ)

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5
Q

hay

A

干草

(ほし・くさ)

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6
Q

stuffed animal

A

ぬいぐるみ

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7
Q

a promise

A

やくそく

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8
Q

bread crust

A

パンの耳

(みみ)

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9
Q

address

A

住所

(じゅう・しょ)

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10
Q

screen; picture

A

画面

(が・めん)

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11
Q

instead; in return; alternatively

A

その代わり

(か)

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12
Q

never again; ever again (always used with negative verb)

A

二度と

(に)(ど)

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13
Q

to bite off

A

噛み切る

(か)(き)

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14
Q

to hand; to pass; to give

A

渡す

(わた)

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15
Q

to forget

A

忘れる

(わす)

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16
Q

to yawn

A

あくびをする

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17
Q

to spoil; to turn rotten

A

腐る

(くさ)

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18
Q

to put away; put an end to

A

しまう

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19
Q

to put into; to put inside

A

入れる

(い)

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20
Q

wise; clever; smart

A

賢い

(かしこ)

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21
Q

good! great!

A

偉い

(えら)

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22
Q

thereupon; with that

A

すると

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23
Q

one day (unspecified)

A

ある日

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24
Q

one summer day

A

ある夏の日

(なつ)(ひ)

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25
Q

someone; a certain person

A

ある人

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26
Q

a certain place

A

ある所

(ところ)

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27
Q

one old lady’s story

A

あるおばあさんの話

(はなし)

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28
Q

I heard from someone that Takeda was going to move.

A

ある人から、武田さんが引っ越したと聞きました。

(たけ・だ)(ひ)(こ)(き)

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29
Q

In some places, gas couldn’t be used for three days due to the typhoon.

A

ある所では、台風でガスが三日間、使えませんでした。

(ところ)(たい・ふう)(みっ・か・かん)(つか)

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30
Q

To bite off

A

噛み切る (いる/える exception)

(か)(き)

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31
Q

to bite off (something)

A

(something) を噛み切る

(か)(き)

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32
Q

The dog bit off the ear of a stuffed animal.

A

犬がぬいぐるみの耳を噛み切りました。

(いぬ)(みみ)(か)(き)

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33
Q

When you open the snack bag, please don’t bit it off with your mouth.

A

お菓子の袋を開けるとき、口で噛み切らないで下さい。

(かし)(ふくろ)(あ)(くち)(か)(き)

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34
Q

I cannot bite off this meat.

A

このお肉は噛み切れないですね。

(にく)(か)(こ)

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35
Q

to hand; to hand over; to pass; to give

A

渡す

(わた)

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36
Q

to hand (something) to (somebody)

A

(somebody) に (something) を渡す

(わた)

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37
Q

Please hand this over to Mr. Smiith

A

これをスミスさんに渡してください。

(わた)

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38
Q

You should hand this discount coupon over to Takenaka.

A

竹中さんにこの割引券を渡したほうがいいです。

(たけ・なか)(わり・びき・けん)(わた)

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39
Q

Mr. Mori is coming to hang out, so I wrote my address on paper and gave it to him.

A

森さんが遊びに来るので、紙に住所を書いて、渡しました。

(もり)(あそ)(く)(かみ)(じゅう・しょ)(か)(わた)

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40
Q

to give (change of ownership)

A

あげる

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41
Q

to give (change of ownership or change of location)

A

渡す

(わた)

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42
Q

Give this letter to the teacher

A

先生にこの手紙を渡してね。

(せん・せい)(て・がみ)(わた)

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43
Q

I have (handed) the baton to the next runner

A

バトンを次のランナーに渡した。

(つぎ)(わた)

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44
Q

I handed the broom to Ito and had him clean.

A

伊藤君にほうきを渡して、掃除してもらった。

(い・とう・くん)(わた)(そう・じ)

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45
Q

to forget

A

忘れる

(わす)

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46
Q

to forget (thing) at a (place)

A

(place) に (thing)を忘れる

(わす)

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47
Q

I forgot my wallet at my house.

A

家に財布を忘れました。

に is perfect for saying WHERE you forgot a particular item

(さい・ふ)(わす)

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48
Q

Don’t forget your textbook when you leave the classroom.

A

教室を出る時、教科書を忘れないで下さい。

(きょう・しつ)(で)(とき)(きょう・か・しょ)(わす)

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49
Q

I forgot to take my shoes off at the front door.

A

玄関で靴を脱ぐのを忘れました。

(げん・がん)(くつ)(ぬ)(わす)

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50
Q

I forgot my shoes at my friend’s house.

A

友達の家に靴を忘れました。

(とも・だち)(くつ)(わす)

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51
Q

to yawn

A

あくびをする

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52
Q

So…you are yawning, did you sleep well yesterday?

A

あくびをしてるけど、昨日ちゃんと寝たの?

(きのう)(ね)

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53
Q

So that I wouldn’t yawn at the meeting, I drank a lot of coffee.

A

会議であくびをしないように、コーヒーをたくさん飲みました。

(かい・ぎ)(の)

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54
Q

to put into; to put inside

A

入れる

(い)

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55
Q

to put (thing) into (place)

A

(thing) を (place) に入れる

(い)

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56
Q

Please add (put) a little more coffee.

A

コーヒーをもう少し入れて下さい。

(すこ)(い)

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57
Q

I always put my lunch into this yellow bag.

A

昼ご飯はいつもこの黄色い袋に入れます。

(ひる)(はん)(き・いろ)(ふくろ)(い)

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58
Q

I make it a rule to give my baby a bath at 6 o’clock every day.

A

毎日六時に、赤ちゃんをお風呂に入れることにしています。

(まい・にち)(ろく・じ)(あか)(ふ・ろ)(い)

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59
Q

I put on some tea.

A

お茶を入れました。

(ちゃ)(い)

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60
Q

to take a bath

A

お風呂に入る

(ふ・ろ)(はい)

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61
Q

to give a bath

A

お風呂に入れる

(ふ・ろ)(い)

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62
Q

to be able to take a bath

A

お風呂に入れる

(ふ・ろ)(はい)

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63
Q

Father took a bath this morning.

A

お父さんは今日、お風呂に入りました。

(とう)(きょう)(ふ・ろ)(はい)

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64
Q

Father gave the baby a bath this morning.

A

お父さんは今日、赤ちゃんをお風呂に入れました。

(とう)(きょう)(あか)(ふ・ろ)(い)

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65
Q

Because I had time, I was able to take a bath this morning.

A

時間があったから、今朝お風呂に入れました。

(じ・かん)(け・さ)(ふ・ろ)(はい)

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66
Q

I wanted to take a bath with the baby, but since I had no time I couldn’t go in, so instead, my wife gave the baby a bath.

A

私は赤ちゃんとお風呂に入りたかったけど、時間がないから入れなくて、その代わり奥さんが赤ちゃんをお風呂に入れました。

(わたし)(あか)(ふ・ろ)(はい)(じ・かん)(か)(おく)(い)

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67
Q

to spoil; to turn rotten

A

腐る

(くさ)

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68
Q

(thing) spoils

A

(thing) が腐る

(くさ)

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69
Q

The food in the refrigerator became spoiled.

A

冷蔵庫の中の食べ物が腐りました。

(れい・ぞう・こ)(た)(もの)(くさ)

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70
Q

The food in the refrigerator is spoiled.

A

冷蔵庫の中の食べ物が腐っています。

(れい・ぞう・こ)(た)(もの)(くさ)

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71
Q

I think the chicken is spoiled.

A

この鶏肉は腐ってると思う。

(とり・にく)(くさ)

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72
Q

It smells bad, but this yogurt isn’t spoiled yet.

A

臭いけど、このヨーグルトはまだ腐ってないです。

(くさ)

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73
Q

to put away

A

しまう

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74
Q

to put away (thing) in (place)

A

(place) に (thing) をしまう

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75
Q

Please put away your books

A

本をしまって下さい。

76
Q

I am going to put away the laundry, so please help me.

A

洗濯物をしまいますから、手伝って下さい。

(せん・たく・もの)(て・つだ)

77
Q

Please put away the milk in the refrigerator so that it doesn’t spoil.

A

牛乳が腐らないように、冷蔵庫にしまって下さい。

(ぎゅう・にゅう)(くさ)(れい・ぞう・こ)

78
Q

I read a book

A

本を読みました。

(よ)

79
Q

I read the entire book

A

本を読んでしまいました。

(よ)

80
Q

I ate the pizza by myself

A

一人でピザを食べました。

(た)

81
Q

I finished eating the (entire) pizza by myself

A

一人でピザを食べてしまいました。

82
Q

Before I knew it, I laughed.

A

笑ってしまいました。

(わら)

83
Q

I accidentally tripped.

A

転んでしまいました。

(ころ)

84
Q

Before I knew it, I cried.

A

泣いてしまいました。

(な)

85
Q

Dang it, the bus left.

A

ああ。バスが行ってしまいました。

86
Q

Oops! Even though I’m on my diet, I ate chocolate again.

A

ダイエットをしているのに、またチョコレートを食べてしまった。

87
Q

Humans die in the end someday. / Humans eventually die

A

人間はいつか死んでしまいます。

(にん・げん)(し)

88
Q

Since my daughter ended up going to college, the house is quiet now.

A

娘が大学に行ってしまったので、家が静かになりました。

(むずめ)(しず)

89
Q

I’ll tell mom you came home late last night.

A

昨日遅く帰った事をお母さんに言うよ。
This can be a threat but isn’t necessarily a threat.

(きのう)(おそ)(かえ)(こと)

90
Q

I’ll tell mom you came home late last night. (threat)

A

昨日遅く帰った事をお母さんに言ってしまうよ。

(きのう)(おそ)(かえ)(こと)

91
Q

If you are late to work again, I’ll fire you.

A

今度仕事に遅れたら、首にしますよ。

(こん・ど)(し・ごと)(おく)(くび)

92
Q

If you are late to work again, I’ll fire you. (threat)

A

今度仕事に遅れたら、首にしてしまいますよ。

こんど) (しごと) (おく) (くび

93
Q

Please finish eating.

A

食べてしまって下さい。

94
Q

I want to finish eating.

A

食べてしまいたいです。

95
Q

Why don’t we finish eating it?

A

食べてしまいませんか。

96
Q

Let’s eat it all.

A

食べてしまいましょう。

97
Q

Is it okay if I eat the rest of this?

A

食べてしまってもいいですか。

98
Q

You should eat the rest of this.

A

食べてしまった方がいいです。

99
Q

てしまう informal form

A

ちゃう

100
Q

てしまう informal ending in で form

A

じゃう

101
Q

Can’t help moving (formal)

A

動いてしまう

(うご)

102
Q

Can’t help moving (informal)

A

動いちゃう

(うご)

103
Q

Can’t help being troubled (formal)

A

困ってしまう

(こま)

104
Q

Can’t help being troubled (informal)

A

困っちゃう

(こま)

105
Q

Can’t help reading (formal)

A

読んでしまう

(よ)

106
Q

Can’t help reading (informal)

A

読んじゃう

(よ)

107
Q

Can’t help coming (formal)

A

来てしまう

(き)

108
Q

Can’t help coming (informal)

A

来ちゃう

(き)

109
Q

Can’t help opening (formal)

A

開けてしまう

(あ)

110
Q

Can’t help opening (informal)

A

開けちゃう

(あ)

111
Q

Can’t help receiving (formal)

A

もらってしまう

112
Q

Can’t help receiving (informal)

A

もらっちゃう

113
Q

Can’t help taking a break (formal)

A

休んでしまう

114
Q

Can’t help taking a break (informal)

A

休んじゃう

115
Q

Can’t help doing (formal)

A

してしまう

116
Q

Can’t help doing (informal)

A

しちゃう

117
Q

Mom. Can I take the day off from school today?

A

お母さん。今日、学校を休んじゃってもいい?

(きょう)(がっ・こう)

118
Q

What, why? I already finished making your lunchbox.

A

え、何で?もうお弁当を作っちゃったよ。

(べん・とう)(つく)

119
Q

Sorry. I’ll eat it at home. I want to be home today.

A

ごめん。家で食べるよ。今日は家にいたいんだ。

120
Q

Okay. But finish doing your homework.

A

分かった。でも、宿題だけはしちゃってね。

(わ)(しゅく・だい)

121
Q

if-then statement order

A

(condition) と, result

122
Q

If you don’t put the milk in the refrigerator soon, it will spoil.

A

牛乳を早く冷蔵庫に入れないと、腐りますよ。

(ぎゅう・にゅう)(はや)(れい・ぞう・こ)(い)(くさ)

123
Q

If you eat a lot of sweet things, you will get fat.

A

甘いものをたくさん食べると、太ってしまいます。

(あま)(ふと)

124
Q

If you write Kanji about 10 times, you won’t forget.

A

漢字を十回ぐらい書くと、忘れないと思います。

(かん・じ)(じゅう・かい)(か)(わす)

125
Q

If you click here, you can go to the next screen.

A

ここをクリックすると、次の画面に行けます。

(つぎ)(が・めん)

126
Q

It gets warm when spring comes.

A

春になると、暖かくなります。

(はる)(あたた)

127
Q

It gets dark early when winter comes.

A

冬になると、暗くなるのが早いです。

(ふゆ)(くら)

128
Q

Upon returning home, my phone rang.

A

家に帰ると、電話が鳴りました。
The phone rang upon returning home, no time lag between condition and result

(いえ)(かえ)(でん・わ)(な)

129
Q

Difference between と and たら

A

と is never used follow by commands, requests, invitation or suggestions

と can be used when giving an general opinion. Like a general opinion

with たら, the opinion is directly aimed at the person you are speaking with

130
Q

Call me when you wake up.

A

起きたら、電話してください。

(お)(でん・わ)

131
Q

Let’s go out if the weather is good.

A

いい天気だったら、出かけよう。

(てん・き)(で)

132
Q

You should rest if you are sick.

A

病気だったら、休んだ方がいいよ。

(びょう・き)(やす)(ほう)

133
Q

You shouldn’t smoke. (it’s bad for you)

A

タバコを吸ったら、だめですよ。
(Directed at person)

(す)

134
Q

You should wear this coat. (you’ll be warm)

A

このコートを着たら、暖かいですよ。
(Directed at person)

(き)(あたた)

135
Q

It’s not good to smoke.

A

タバコを吸うと、だめです。
(indirect)

(す)

136
Q

It’s warm if you wear this coat.

A

このコートを着ると、暖かいですよ。
(indirect)

(き)(あたた)

137
Q

Uses of てしまう

A

Used to convey the following:

  1. Regretful actions
  2. Showing completed actions
  3. Unconscious actions
  4. Unintended consequences
  5. Threat of future actions
138
Q

Neutral (nuance unknown) - I drank

A

飲んでしまいました。

139
Q

Regretful actions.

Add nuance - I drank

A

ああ、飲んでしまいました。

ああ added to show that regret is understood

140
Q

Showing completed actions - I drank all of it

A

全部、飲んでしまいました。
全部 added to show emphasis that all of it was drank

(ぜん・ぶ)

141
Q

Unconscious actions - The party was so fun, I drank more than usual.

A

パーティーが楽しくて、いつもより飲んでしまいました。
Normally accompanied by context in a real conversation.

(たの)

142
Q

Unintended consequence - If you put your juice there, the dog will drink it.

A

ジュースをあそこに置くと、犬が飲んでしまうよ。
てしまう is used because the context of putting the juice is there is stated

(お)

143
Q

Threat of future action - If you don’t do your homework, I will drink your juice!

A

宿題をしないと、あなたのジュースを飲んでしまうよ!
てしまう understood due to the situation (not doing homework) and surrounding words (treat of drinking the juice)

(しゅく・だい)

144
Q

Do you know of the stamps that were here?

A

ここにあった切手を知りませんか。

(きっ・て)(し)

145
Q

I used them all. Was that a bad thing?

A

全部、使ってしまいました。だめでしたか。

(ぜん・ぶ)(つか)

146
Q

It’s okay. but please buy some new one’s next time.

A

いいけど、今度、新しいのを買って下さいね。

(こん・ど)(あたら)(か)

147
Q

I am sorry. I will go buy some tomorrow.

A

こめんなさい。明日、買に行きます。

(あした)(か)

148
Q

Did you give our rent to the landlord today?

A

今日、大家さんに家賃を渡してくれた?

(おお・や)(や・ちん)(わた)

149
Q

Oh, I forgot! I will do it tomorrow.

A

あっ、忘れた!明日するよ。

(わす)

150
Q

How come you always forget? You see him every day because he is on the first floor.

A

どうしていつも忘れるの?大家さんは一階にいるから、毎日会うでしょう。

(わす)(おお・や)(ひと・かい)

151
Q

Yeah…but I forget before I know it.

A

うん。でも、忘れてしまう。

(わす)

152
Q

I am home!

A

ただいま

153
Q

Hi! (welcome home). How was your business trip?

A

おかえりなさい。出張はどうだった?

(しゅ・っ・ちょう)

154
Q

Yeah, it was good. I am hungry! Is there anything (any food)?

A

うん、よかったよ。お腹が空いた!何かある?

(なか)(す)

155
Q

Actually, nothing. You know I don’t cook when you aren’t home. So, all the food in the fridge went bad (before I knew it).

A

実はないの。あなたがいないと、私は料理をしないでしょう。だから、冷蔵庫にある食べ物が全部腐ってしまったの。

(じつ)(わたし)(りょう・り)(れい・ぞう・こ)(ぜん・ぶ)(くさ)

156
Q

I’m going to go out for a bit.

A

ちょっと出かけてくるよ。

(で)

157
Q

A “bit”? Where are you going?

A

「ちょっと」って、どこに行くの?

158
Q

Just over there. I’ll be back before dinner.

A

すぐそこだよ。晩ご飯の前に帰ってくるよ。

(ばん)(はん)(まえ)(かえ)

159
Q

Once it’s 7pm, I’ll be shutting the door! You got it?

A

夜7時になったら、ドアを閉めてしまうよ!分かった?

(よる)(じ)(し)

160
Q

I gave the puppy I was raising to a friend, but the puppy ended up coming back to my house.

A

買っていた子犬を友達にあげたんですが、その子犬が家に戻ってきてしまったんです。

(か)(こ・いぬ)(とも・だち)(もど)

161
Q

It sure is an intelligent dog. How many months old is he now?

A

かしこい犬ですね。今、何ヶ月ですか。

(なん・か・げつ)

162
Q

He has become six months old. I am troubled because he always returns.

A

六か月になりました。いつも戻ってくるから、困りますよ。

(ろっ・か・げつ)(もど)(こま)

163
Q

What’s wrong? You don’t have any energy, huh?

A

どうしましたか?元気がないですね。

(げん・き)

164
Q

Since I forgot my girlfriend’s birthday, she’s mad

A

彼女の誕生日を忘れてしまったから、彼女が怒っているんです。

(かの・じょ)(たん・じょう・び)(わす)(おこ)

165
Q

Well then, buy her a present right away.

A

じゃあ、すぐにプレゼントを買ってあげましょうよ。

166
Q

Actually, now I don’t have any money and can’t buy anything until payday.

A

実は今、お金がなくて、給料日まで何も買えないんですよ。

(じつ)(きゅう・りょう)

167
Q

I see. Well, that’s hopeless.

A

そうですか。じゃあ、しょうがないですね。

168
Q

I don’t want to eat spinach.

A

ほうれん草を食べたくない。

(そう)

169
Q

If you don’t eat vegetables, you can’t get big.

A

野菜を食べないと、大きくなれないよ。

(や・さい)

170
Q

Instead of that, I will eat a lot of potatoes.

A

その代わり、じゃがいもをたくさん食べるよ。

(か)

171
Q

No, because potatoes and spinach are not the same.

A

だめ。じゃがいもとほうれん草は同じじゃないから。

(そう)(おな)

172
Q

Well then, I will eat a little.

A

じゃあ、少しだけ食べるよ。

(すこ)

173
Q

I always get hungry when I am studying.

A

勉強をしている時、いつもお腹が空きます。

(べん・きょう)(なか)(す)

174
Q

I also can’t study if I don’t eat choclate.

A

私もチョコレートを食べないと、勉強ができません。

(わたし)(べん・きょう)

175
Q

But since I am dieting, I can’t eat anything.

A

でも、僕はダイエットをしているから、何も食べられないんです。

(ぼく)

176
Q

That’s great. I can’t do that!

A

えらいですね。私はできません。

177
Q

Nishomoto… I really am a failed human.

A

「西本さん。。。私は本当にだめな人間です。」

(にし・もと)(ほん・とう)(にん・げん)

178
Q

When I go to the department store. I always end up buying things I don’t need.

A

「私はデパートに行くと、いつも要らないものを買ってしまいます。」

(い)

179
Q

That also happens to me too.

A

「それは私も時々、ありますよ。」

(とき・ごき)

180
Q

When I go to the supermarket, it’s the same I buy a lot, but since I don’t cook, the food ends up spoiling.

A

「スーパーに行く時も同じです。たくさん買うけど、料理をあまりしないから、食べ物が腐ってしまうんです。」

(おな)(りょう・り)(くさ)

181
Q

I see. Well then, it would be good if you make a shopping list before you go.

A

「そうですか。じゃあ、行く前に買い物リストを作るといいですよ。」

(つく)

182
Q

Hmmm… I would probably end up forgetting that shopping list.

A

「うーん。。。私はたぶん、その買い物リストを忘れてしまいますね。」

(わす)

183
Q

Ha-ha. You won’t forget it if you put it in your bag immediately after writing it.

A

「ははは。書いてから、すぐカバンに入れたら忘れないですよ。」

(か)(い)(わす)

184
Q

I think I will forget to put it in my bag.

A

「カバンに入れるのも忘れと思います。」

(い)(わす)

185
Q

Well then, it’s hopeless.

A

「それじゃ、しょうがないですね。」