Lesson 4: Grammar Review

Question 1

Give the three nominative singular endings for 2nd-declension masculine nouns.

Answer 1

-us, -er, -ir

Question 2

2nd declension -er nouns either ___ or ___ the e in the stem.

Answer 2

drop; retain

Question 3

Some nouns have only plural forms. An example is ___.

Answer 3

liberi liberorum

Question 4

Four confusing words with the root of liber are ___.

Answer 4

liberi liberorum (children)

liber libri (book)

liber libera liberum (free)

libero (1) (to set free)

Question 5

What kind of verbs have indirect objects?

Give Latin examples.

Answer 5

giving and telling

do, demonstro, núntio, narro

Question 6

What are the two ways to show an indirect object in English?

Answer 6

the preposition to; word order - the indirect object precedes the direct object

Question 7

In Latin the indirect object is in the ___ case.

Answer 7

dative

Question 8

What is Sentence Pattern #5

Answer 8

subject + verb + I.O. + D.O.

Question 9

Give an example of Sentence Pattern #5 in Latin.

Answer 9

Maria Marco rosam dedit.

Question 10

Name the four verb complements you have learned.

Answer 10

predicate nominative, predicate adjective, direct object, indirect object

Question 11

What are the two ways to show possession in English?

Answer 11

preposition of and ’s

Question 12

In Latin the possessive noun is is in the ___ case.

Answer 12

genitive

Question 13

3rd-declension nouns that have a genitive plural in -ium are called ___.

Answer 13

i-stems

Question 14

Give two indications a noun may be an i-stem and an example of each.

Answer 14

(1) same number of syllables in nominative and genitive - collis collis
(2) stem ends in two consonants - pons pontis

Question 15

What are the two types of adjectives in Latin

Answer 15

1st/2nd-declension and 3rd-declension

Question 16

3rd-declension adjectives are related to ___.

Answer 16

i-stem nouns

Question 17

Define pronoun.

Answer 17

A pronoun takes the place of a noun.

Question 18

How many kinds of pronouns are there? Name them in pairs.

Answer 18

8: personal, possessive; reflexive, intensive; interrogative, relative; demonstrative, indefinite

Question 19

What is an antecedent?

Answer 19

An antecedent is the noun the pronoun takes the place of.

Question 20

Give the Latin word for we: ___ for us:

Answer 20

nos; nos

Question 21

How do you write cum with the 1st/2nd-person pronuns?

Answer 21

mecum tecum nobiscum vobiscum

Question 22

The genitive of 1st- and 2nd-person pronouns is used for ___ expressions that do not show ___.

Answer 22

of; possession

Question 23

To show possession in the 1st and 2nd person, use the possessive pronoun adjectives:

Answer 23

meus tuus noster vester

Question 24

Do the possessive pronoun adjectives function like adjectives or pronouns?

Answer 24

adjectives

Question 25

Give the Adjective Agreement Rule.

Answer 25

An adjective agrees with its noun in gender, number, and case, but not declension.

Question 26

Give the Pronoun Agreement Rule.

Answer 26

A pronoun agress with its antecedent in gender and number, but its case is determined by its function in its own clause.

Question 27

Define preposition.

Answer 27

A preposition shows the relationship between its object and another word in the sentence.

Question 28

A prepositional phrase consists of the preposition and its ___

Answer 28

object (and modifiers)

Question 29

What English word adds an additional letter before words that begin with vowels?

Answer 29

a

Question 30

What two Latin prepositions are similar to this word?

Answer 30

a/ab, e/ex

Question 31

Latin prepositions govern either the ___ or ___ case.

Answer 31

ablative; accusative

Question 32

Prepositions that express motion forward generally take what case?

Answer 32

accusative

Question 33

Prepositions that expression location, no motion, or motion from, take what case?

Answer 33

ablative

Question 34

Give two prepositions that can either take the ablative or the accusative case.

Answer 34

in, sub