Lesson 12: Grammar Review

Question 1

Define preposition.

Answer 1

A preposition shows the relationship between its object and another word in the sentence.

Question 2

A prepositional phrase consists of the preposition and its ___

Answer 2

object (and modifiers)

Question 3

What English word adds an additional letter before words that begin with vowels?

Answer 3

a

Question 4

What two Latin prepositions are similar to this word?

Answer 4

a/ab, e/ex

Question 5

Latin prepositions govern either the ___ or ___ case.

Answer 5

ablative; accusative

Question 6

Prepositions that express motion forward generally take what case?

Answer 6

accusative

Question 7

Prepositions that expression location, no motion, or motion from, take what case?

Answer 7

ablative

Question 8

Give two prepositions that can either take the ablative or the accusative case.

Answer 8

in, sub

Question 9

Give the three moods of Latin verbs.

Answer 9

indicative, imperative, subjunctive

Question 10

The indicative mood is used for

Answer 10

statements and questions

Question 11

Ther imperative mood is used for

Answer 11

commands

Question 12

The subjunctive mood is used for

Answer 12

potential action, such as opinions, purpose, and wishes

Question 13

To form the singular imperative of all four conjugations, drop ___ from the infinitive

Answer 13

-re

Question 14

To form the plural imperative of all but the 3rd conjugation add ___ to the singular imperative

Answer 14

-te

Question 15

Remember ___ for the 3rd conjugation imperative forms.

Answer 15

surge, súrgite

Question 16

Give three irregular singular imperatives.

Answer 16

dic, duc, fac

Question 17

Give the singular and plural imperatives of sum.

Answer 17

est, este

Question 18

The tenses of the perfect passive system are ___ verbs.

Answer 18

compound

Question 19

The 4th principal part is a ___.

Answer 19

participle

Question 20

A participle is a ___.

Answer 20

verbal adjective

Question 21

Verbs that can take a direct object are called ___ verbs, and verbs that do not take a direct object are called ___.

Answer 21

transitive; intransitive

Question 22

The vocative case is the case of ___.

Answer 22

direct address

Question 23

Give the Vocative Rule.

Answer 23

The vocative is the same as nominative except in the 2nd-declension masculine singular where -us changes to -e and -ius to -i.

Question 24

Give three vocative expressions that illustrate the vocative rule.

Answer 24

Et tu, Brute?

Benedic Dómine nos

fili mi

Question 25

Give the **three** exceptions to the **Vocative Rule**.

Answer 25

**meus** = **mi** **deus** = **deus** **Jesus** = **Jesu**

Question 26

A vocative noun is often used with an ___ verb and usually is not the ___ word in the sentence.

Answer 26

imperative; first

Question 27

Give the dative and ablative plural of **fília** and **dea**.

Answer 27

**filiabus, deabus**

Question 28

Give two common indeclinable nouns.

Answer 28

**satis nihil**

Question 29

What is an appositive?

Answer 29

a word that follows a noun and renames it

Question 30

A appositive agrees with its noun or pronoun in \_\_\_, and usually but not necessarily in \_\_\_.

Answer 30

case; gender and number

Question 31

Give two examples of adjectives used as nouns in English.

Answer 31

the poor, the good, the bad, the ugly, the tired, the weary, etc.

Question 32

Latin often uses the ___ as a noun to describe a group of people or things.

Answer 32

masculine or neuter nominative plural adjective

Question 33

Give two latin examples where an adjective is used as a noun to describe a group of people or things.

Answer 33

**multa** (many things), **nostri** (our men), **multi** (many people)

Question 34

Give the three kinds of 1st/2nd declension adjectives.

Answer 34

regular (**bonus -a -um**), **er** adjectives (drop or retain the **e**), the Naughty Nine

Question 35

The Naught Nine have irregular forms in what cases?

Answer 35

genitive and dative

Question 36

Give three kinds of 3rd declension adjectives.

Answer 36

1, 2, 3 terminations