Lesson 15 Flashcards
Located in the skull in the bony sella turcica under a layer of dura mater
Pituitary gland
Three lobes of pituitary gland
Anterior L.
Posterior L.
Intermediate L.
The pituitary lobes stores ____ and ____
ADH and Oxytocin
The anterior pituitary hormone that is most commonly used pharmacologically is _______
Growth hormone
They are responsible for linear skeletal growth, growth of internal organs, protein synthesis, and stimulation for normal growth
Growth Hormone Agonists
Disease spotlight of growth hormone agonist
GH deficiency
Often seen as GH deficiency before any other signs and symptoms occur
Hypopituitarism
GH deficiency in children which results to short stature
Dwarfism
Stimulate skeletal growth, growth of internal organs, and protein synthesis
Growth Hormone Agonists
Used in treating GH hypersecretion
Growth Hormone Antagonist
It is caused by pituitary tumors
GH hypersecretion
Occurs before the epiphysesl plates of the long bones fuse and cause acceleration in linear skeletal growth
Gigantism
A form of hyperpituitarism after ephiphyseal closure
Acromegaly
Acting directly on postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the brain to inhibit GH secretion
Growth Hormone Antagonist
ADH possess 3 properties???
Antidiuretic
Hemostatic
Vasopressor
A condition characterized by the production of a large amount of dilute urine containing no glucose
Insipidus
Has pressor and antidiuretic effect
Posterior Pituitary Hormones
Treatment of neurogenic diabetes insipidus and hemophilia A
Posterior Pituitary Hormones Drugs
It is located in the middle of the neck and surrounds the trachea like a shield
Thyroid Gland
Two thyroid hormones of thyroid;
Thyroid hormone
Calcitonin
Common antithyroid drugs
Thioamides
Iodine solution
A lack of sufficient levels of thyroid hormones
Hypothyroidism
A condition in children who are born without a thyroid gland or have a nonfuctioning gland
Cretinism
Occurs when excessive amount of thyroid hormones are produced and release into circulation
Hyperthyroidism
Most common disease of hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
Are made available to replace the low or absent levels of natural thyroid hormone and suppress the overproduction of TSH by the pituitary
Thyroid hormones
A synthetic salt of T⁴, is the most frequently used replacement hormone
Levothyroxine
Drugs used to block the production of thyroid hormone and hyperthyroidism
Antithyroid Agents
It lowers thyroid hormones by preventing the formation of thyroid hormone in thyroid cells
Thioamides
They cause the cells to become oversaturated with iodine and stop producing hormones
Iodine solutions
Drugs used to treat disorders that affect serum calcium levels
Parathyroid agents
Four very small groups of grandular tissue located on the back of the thyroid glands
Parathyroid glands
A rare condition characterized by absence of PTH resulting to low calcium level
Hypoparathyroidisn
A condition characterized by excessive production of PTH resulting to elevated calcium level
Hyperparathyroidism
A genetically linked disorder characterized by overactive osteoclasts that are eventually replaced by enlarged and softened bone structures
Paget’s disease
Occur when dropping levels of estrogen allow calcium to be pulled out of the bone
Postmenopausal osteoporosis
Drugs used to treat DEFICIENT levels of PTH
Antihypocalcemic Agents
Drugs used to treat PRH EXCESS or hypercalcemia
Antihypercalcemic Agents
Examples agents of antihypercalcemic agents
Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin
Slow normal and abnormal bone resorption without inhibiting bone formation and mineralization
Biphosphonates
Slow normal and abnormal bone resorption without inhibiting bone formation and mineralization
Biphosphonates
Inhibits bone resorption and lowers elevated serum calcium
Calcitonin
Used as short-term treatment to suppress the immune system in patients with inflammatory disorders
Adrenocortical agents
Agents that stimulate an increase in glucose levels in energy
Glucocorticoids
The formation and storage of fat in the body for energy source
Lipogenesis
Affect electrolyte levels directly and help maintain homeostasis
Mineralocorticoids
What is the classic Mineralocorticoid?
Aldosterone
