Lesson 10 (Paradigms and Grammar)

Question 1

Which Greek tenses refer to present and future time?

Answer 1

The primary tenses: present, future, perfect

Question 2

Which Greek tenses refer to past time?

Answer 2

The secondary tenses: aorist, imperfect, pluperfect

Question 3

What kind of action does the imperfect tense note and in what time?

Answer 3

Continuous (or repeated, or attempted) action in past time (i.e. “was loosing”)

Question 4

Imperfect Active Indicative Paradigm of λύω

1st Sing.: ____
2nd Sing.: ___
3rd Sing.: ____

1st Pl.: ____
2nd Pl.: ___
3rd Pl.: ____

Answer 4

Imperfect Active Indicative Paradigm of λύω

1st Sing.: ἔλυον (I was loosing)
2nd Sing.: ἔλυες (You were loosing)
3rd Sing.: ἔλυε(ν) (He/she/it was loosing)

1st Pl.: ἐλύομεν (We were loosing)
2nd Pl.: ἐλύετε (You all were loosing)
3rd Pl.: ἔλυον (They were loosing)

Question 5

What is the only mood that the imperfect tense occurs in?

Answer 5

The indicative (there is no imperfect infinitive)

Question 6

1st person singular imperfect active indicative of λύω

Answer 6

ἔλυον (I was loosing)

Question 7

2nd person singular imperfect active indicative of λύω

Answer 7

ἔλυες (You were loosing)

Question 8

3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of λύω

Answer 8

ἔλυε(ν) (He/she/it was loosing)

Question 9

1st person plural imperfect active indicative of λύω

Answer 9

ἐλύομεν (We were loosing)

Question 10

2nd person plural imperfect active indicative of λύω

Answer 10

ἐλύετε (You all were loosing)

Question 11

3rd person plural imperfect active indicative of λύω

Answer 11

ἔλυον (They were loosing)

Question 12

What is the augment (prefix) for verbs that begin with a consonant?

Answer 12

ε (epsilon)

Question 13

What is the augment for verbs that begin with a vowel or dipthong?

Answer 13

The initial vowel (or the first vowel of the dipthong) lengthens:
α to η
ε to η
ο to ω

Question 14

When a compound verb augments, what happens?

Answer 14

The augment appears between the prefixed preposition and the verb stem. If the preposition ends in a vowel, that vowel usually drops.

E.g. ἀποθνῄσκω augments to ἀπέθνῃκον

Question 15

Imperfect Indicative Paradigm of εἰμί

1st Sing.: ____
2nd Sing.: ___
3rd Sing.: ____

1st Pl.: ____
2nd Pl.: ___
3rd Pl.: ____

Answer 15

Imperfect Active Indicative Paradigm of εἰμί

1st Sing.: ἤμην (I was)
2nd Sing.: ἦς (You were)
3rd Sing.: ἦν (He/she/it was)

1st Pl.: ἦμεν (We were)
2nd Pl.: ἦτε (You all were)
3rd Pl.: ἦσαν (They were)

Question 16

1st singular imperfect indicative of εἰμί

Answer 16

ἤμην (I was)

Question 17

2nd singular imperfect indicative of εἰμί

Answer 17

ἦς (You were)

Question 18

3rd singular imperfect indicative of εἰμί

Answer 18

ἦν (He/she/it was)

Question 19

1st plural imperfect indicative of εἰμί

Answer 19

ἦμεν (We were)

Question 20

2nd plural imperfect indicative of εἰμί

Answer 20

ἦτε (You all were)

Question 21

3rd plural imperfect indicative of εἰμί

Answer 21

ἦσαν (They were)

Question 22

Endings for the active voice of the secondary tenses

Answer 22

1st Sing.: -ν
2nd Sing.: -ς
3rd Sing.: -none

1st Pl.: -μεν
2nd Pl.: -τε
3rd Pl.: -ν (or -σαν)