Lesson 1 (Paradigms and Grammar)

Question 1

Before κ, χ, and ξ gamma (γ) makes this noise

Answer 1

Nasal “n” as in thing

Question 2

ς is how sigma looks ________

Answer 2

when it is the last letter in a word (final sigma)

Question 3

σ is how sigma looks ________

Answer 3

when it is anywhere except the last letter in the sentence (in which case a final sigman [ς] is used)

Question 4

αι makes what sound

Answer 4

ai as in aisle

Question 5

ει makes what sound

Answer 5

ei as in neighbor

Question 6

οι makes what sound

Answer 6

oi as in oil

Question 7

υι makes what sound

Answer 7

uee as in queen

Question 8

αυ makes what sound

Answer 8

ow as in cow

Question 9

ου makes what sound

Answer 9

oo as in food

Question 10

How many syllables does a Greek word have?

Answer 10

The same number of vowels/dipthongs it has

Question 11

Which Greek vowels are long?

Answer 11

η and ω are always long

α, ι, υ can be short or long

Question 12

Which Greek vowels are short?

Answer 12

ε and ο are always short

α, ι, υ can be short or long

Question 13

What is the last syllable of a word called in Greek?

Answer 13

Ultima

Question 14

What is the second from last syllable of a word called in Greek?

Answer 14

Penult

Question 15

What is the third from last syllable of a word called in Greek?

Answer 15

Antepenult

Question 16

What syllable(s) can an acute accent ( ´ ) go over?

Answer 16

Ultima, penult, antepenult

It cannot go over a syllable before the antepenult

Question 17

What syllable(s) can a circumflex accent ( ῀ ) go over?

Answer 17

Ultima, penult

The syllable must be long

Question 18

What happens with accents if the ultima in a Greek word is long?

Answer 18

(1) The antepenult cannot be accented

(2) If the penult is accented it must have the acute

Question 19

What happens with accents if the ultima in a Greek word is short?

Answer 19

(1) The antepenult can be accented (and would have to be acute)
(2) The penult, if long, must be a circumflex

Question 20

What is the grave accent in Greek?

Answer 20

Essentially a substitute for a final acute (an acute accent on the last syllable in a word so long as the word does not have punctuation following it).

Question 21

What does the dot above the line punctuation mark indicate in Greek?

Answer 21

A major pause, like a colon or semi colon in English.

Question 22

What does the semicolon punctuation mark indicate in Greek?

Answer 22

A question. It has the same function as a question mark.