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CompTIA A+ Certification Prep 1: Hardware > Lesson 10 Chapter 1 - Partitioning > Flashcards

Lesson 10 Chapter 1 - Partitioning Flashcards

1
Q

What does partitioning do?

Establishes the

A

Partitioning establishes the framework upon which a file system is built

[Foundation of the file system]

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2
Q

What does formatting do?

Creates the

A

Formatting creates the file system

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3
Q

Some storage devices come pre-formatted with a single ______

A

partition

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4
Q

Techs often abbreviate the term hard disk drive to just ____

SSDs are also referred by this, even though they aren’t mechanical

A

disk

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5
Q

Devoting the entire pool of space to a single volume is still considered ______

A

partitioning

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6
Q

What’s the main reason to divide a storage device into more than one partition? (1)

A

to assign it to a different OS (to have more than one OS)

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7
Q

Each ____ ____ must be on its own partition (2)

A

operating system

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8
Q

What are the 3 different partitioning methods that Windows supports? Which one is proprietary to Microsoft?

older, newer, even newer

A
  1. Master Boot Record (MBR)
  2. Dynamic storage
  3. GUID Partition Table (GPT)
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9
Q

What does Microsoft call a hard drive that uses either the MBR/GPT partitioning scheme? What does it call a drive using the dynamic storage partitioning scheme? (2)

white girl

A

MBR/GPT = Basic disk
Dynamic storage = Dynamic disk

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10
Q

What’s a limitation of MBR in regards to installing Windows OS?

A

MBR does not support Windows 11

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11
Q

What are the 2 very small data structures MBR partitioning creates on a drive?

A

MBR partitioning creates
1. Master Boot Record
2. Partition Table
data structures in the boot sector of the drive

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12
Q

What is a boot sector? What does it store? (2)

first

A

The boot sector is the first sector of the hard drive
It stores the 2 very small data structures of the MBR partitioning (MBR code is first, partition table second)

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13
Q

MBR partition tables support up to ____ partitions

A

MBR partition tables support up to 4 partitions

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14
Q

The MBR partition table supports two types:

A
  1. Primary Partition
  2. Extended Partition
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15
Q

What does it mean if a partition supports only one volume per partition?

A

They support only one drive letter per partition (C:)

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16
Q

Describe the function of a primary partition. How many volumes do they support? (2)

A
  1. A primary partition is designed to support bootable OS
  2. A primary partition only supports 1 volume per partition (1 drive letter per partition)
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17
Q

Describe the function of an extended partition. How many volumes do they support? (2)

A
  1. An extended partition is not bootable
  2. Can support multiple volumes on a partition, each with its own drive letter
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18
Q

How many different OS can you install on an MBR partitioned storage device? (1)
Each will have its own primary partition, you choose which to boot to each time

A

You can install up to 4 different OS

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19
Q

What does it mean when a partition is “active”? How many can be active at a time? (2)

A

A partition is active when it’s the default boot partition
Only one can be active at a time

20
Q

How does the computer know which partition is active to boot from? MBR disks

at shoe

A

The BIOS/UEFI reads the MBR to determine which partition is active and boots from that one

21
Q

How do you select which OS you want at boot?

more than one shoe

A

A multi-boot utility can display a menu of OS choices at startup (the utility runs at startup from whichever partition is active, then passes control over)

22
Q

The MBR only has one job:

A

its code looks in the partition table for a partition with a valid OS

23
Q

What’s another word for multiple volumes in terms of partitioning?

A

A logical drive (because we’re not literally splitting it up into physical parts)

24
Q

Windows creates logical drives automatically once you exceed ___ ____ on a single drive

A

4 volumes

25
Q

When you create partitions and logical drives in Windows, the OS prompts you to create ______

A

volumes

26
Q

What is a volume mount point/mount point?

a place in the…of an…, points to another

A

A volume mount point is a place in the directory structure of an existing volume that points to another volume or partition

27
Q

When should you use MBR partitioning? (3) [only when you have to]

when the…, or when you think you…

A

Only use MBR partitioning when:
1. The motherboard only supports using BIOS
2. Or when you think you might move the storage device to a system that uses BIOS eventually
3. Hard drive is under 2.2TB total capacity

28
Q

MBR has 3 negatives:

doesn’t support, allows only, doesn’t support___larger

A
  1. Doesn’t support Windows 11
  2. Allows only 4 partitions
  3. Doesn’t support disks larger than 2.2TB
29
Q

Why should you use a GUID Partition Table (GPT)? (3)

Best choice when the…., as long as you don’t…., helps to fu…

A

GPT:
1. Best choice when the motherboard supports UEFI
2. As long as you don’t think you’ll use a motherboard that uses BIOS in the future
3. Helps to future-proof your system as GPT has many advantages

30
Q

Can you initialize and partition a storage device at the same time you install the operating system?

A

Yes you can initialize and partition a storage device at the same time you install an operating system

31
Q

What is the tool you use on Windows to add or modify drives and arrays?

A

Disk Management

32
Q

What on your desktop do you right-click to get to Disk Management?

A

Start button

33
Q

What are 5 volume statuses you might see at the top of Disk Management? What do they mean?

H, H-AR, F, F, U

A
  1. Healthy - All is well
  2. Healthy (At Risk) - Readable atm, but are read/write errors at the disk level, maybe on another volume
  3. Formatting - in the process of being formatted
  4. Failed - Volume is damaged or corrupt. Check physical connections. If Dynamic volume, check all disks in the set (if part of a RAID) are online and healthy
  5. Unknown - disk has not been initialized or boot sector is corrupt
34
Q

What are 8 common disk statuses you might see on the bottom, far left column in Disk Management?

O, O-E, O, Not In, F, Un, Un, No M

A
  1. Online - disk is healthy and communicating well with computer
  2. Online-Errors - A dynamic disk has read/write errors on an area of the disk
  3. Offline - either corrupted or having communication problems. Right click to bring online.
  4. Not initialized - disk doesn’t have valid signature (maybe not been partitioned or formatted). right click > initialize disk. If disk was working, drive may be failing or corrupted.
  5. Foreign - appears when you move a dynamic disk into another computer. right click > import foreign disks
  6. Unreadable - disk is not accessible. hardware, software, corruption, or read/write error on an area of the disk
  7. Unrecognized - disk type not supported by Windows, may be from a different OS
  8. No Media - removable media drive (like DVD) has no disk in it
35
Q

New disks must be initialized before use. What does this mean?

identifies what

A

Initializing identifies what system that disk belongs to and what role it will have

36
Q

What happens if you don’t initalize a hard drive?

???

A

If you don’t initialize a hard drive, it will show up as Unknown status

37
Q

If a hard disk has previously been used, you don’t need to _____ it

A

initialize

38
Q

How do you change a MBR disk to GPT?

A

You right-click on the disk in the lower pane, left side and select Convert to GPT

39
Q

How do you know the disk has been initialized?

A

It will show a status of Basic and Online in the lower portion of the Disk Management window

40
Q

After a disk has been initialized, and the disk space shows as unallocated, how do you create a new volume?

A

You right-click on the volume and “New Simple Volume”

41
Q

Allocation unit is another name for cluster; what is a cluster?

a cluster is a ____ of ____addressed as a

A

a cluster is a group of sectors that is addressed as a single unit

(a group of people being known as 1 name = Jabbawokees)

42
Q

What two groups do partitioning errors fall in?

failing to, making the wrong

A
  1. Failure to partition at all
  2. Partitioned using the wrong type or size
43
Q

How would you know you have a partition error, like when you try to find it or when you start filling it up with files? (2)

A

You would know you have a partition error because
1. the drive wouldn’t show up
2. the drive is so small it fills up quickly

44
Q

What is diskpart?

A

a command line utility for partitioning storage devices

45
Q

What are 2 things diskpart can do that Disk Management can’t?

creating ____ partitions on ____, setting ____ ____

A

diskpart can:
create extended partitions on a MBR drive
setting up mirrored volumes

CompTIA A+ Certification Prep 1: Hardware (49 decks)

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