Lesson 10 Chapter 1 - Partitioning

Question 1

What does partitioning do?

Establishes the

Answer 1

Partitioning establishes the framework upon which a file system is built

[Foundation of the file system]

Question 2

What does formatting do?

Creates the

Answer 2

Formatting creates the file system

Question 3

Some storage devices come pre-formatted with a single ______

Answer 3

partition

Question 4

Techs often abbreviate the term hard disk drive to just ____

SSDs are also referred by this, even though they aren’t mechanical

Answer 4

disk

Question 5

Devoting the entire pool of space to a single volume is still considered ______

Answer 5

partitioning

Question 6

What’s the main reason to divide a storage device into more than one partition? (1)

Answer 6

to assign it to a different OS (to have more than one OS)

Question 7

Each ____ ____ must be on its own partition (2)

Answer 7

operating system

Question 8

What are the 3 different partitioning methods that Windows supports? Which one is proprietary to Microsoft?

older, newer, even newer

Answer 8

1. Master Boot Record (MBR)
2. Dynamic storage
3. GUID Partition Table (GPT)

Question 9

What does Microsoft call a hard drive that uses either the MBR/GPT partitioning scheme? What does it call a drive using the dynamic storage partitioning scheme? (2)

white girl

Answer 9

MBR/GPT = Basic disk
Dynamic storage = Dynamic disk

Question 10

What’s a limitation of MBR in regards to installing Windows OS?

Answer 10

MBR does not support Windows 11

Question 11

What are the 2 very small data structures MBR partitioning creates on a drive?

Answer 11

MBR partitioning creates
1. Master Boot Record
2. Partition Table
data structures in the boot sector of the drive

Question 12

What is a boot sector? What does it store? (2)

first

Answer 12

The boot sector is the first sector of the hard drive
It stores the 2 very small data structures of the MBR partitioning (MBR code is first, partition table second)

Question 13

MBR partition tables support up to ____ partitions

Answer 13

MBR partition tables support up to 4 partitions

Question 14

The MBR partition table supports two types:

Answer 14

1. Primary Partition
2. Extended Partition

Question 15

What does it mean if a partition supports only one volume per partition?

Answer 15

They support only one drive letter per partition (C:)

Question 16

Describe the function of a primary partition. How many volumes do they support? (2)

Answer 16

1. A primary partition is designed to support bootable OS
2. A primary partition only supports 1 volume per partition (1 drive letter per partition)

Question 17

Describe the function of an extended partition. How many volumes do they support? (2)

Answer 17

1. An extended partition is not bootable
2. Can support multiple volumes on a partition, each with its own drive letter

Question 18

How many different OS can you install on an MBR partitioned storage device? (1)
Each will have its own primary partition, you choose which to boot to each time

Answer 18

You can install up to 4 different OS

Question 19

What does it mean when a partition is “active”? How many can be active at a time? (2)

Answer 19

A partition is active when it’s the default boot partition
Only one can be active at a time

Question 20

How does the computer know which partition is active to boot from? MBR disks

at shoe

Answer 20

The BIOS/UEFI reads the MBR to determine which partition is active and boots from that one

Question 21

How do you select which OS you want at boot?

more than one shoe

Answer 21

A multi-boot utility can display a menu of OS choices at startup (the utility runs at startup from whichever partition is active, then passes control over)

Question 22

The MBR only has one job:

Answer 22

its code looks in the partition table for a partition with a valid OS

Question 23

What’s another word for multiple volumes in terms of partitioning?

Answer 23

A logical drive (because we’re not literally splitting it up into physical parts)

Question 24

Windows creates logical drives automatically once you exceed ___ ____ on a single drive

Answer 24

4 volumes

Question 25

When you create partitions and logical drives in Windows, the OS prompts you to create ______

Answer 25

volumes

Question 26

What is a volume mount point/mount point? a place in the...of an..., points to another

Answer 26

A volume mount point is a place in the directory structure of an existing volume that points to another volume or partition

Question 27

When should you use MBR partitioning? (3) [only when you have to] when the..., or when you think you...

Answer 27

Only use MBR partitioning when: 1. The motherboard only supports using BIOS 2. Or when you think you might move the storage device to a system that uses BIOS eventually 3. Hard drive is under 2.2TB total capacity

Question 28

MBR has 3 negatives: doesn't support, allows only, doesn't support___larger

Answer 28

1. Doesn't support Windows 11 2. Allows only 4 partitions 3. Doesn't support disks larger than 2.2TB

Question 29

Why should you use a GUID Partition Table (GPT)? (3) Best choice when the...., as long as you don't...., helps to fu...

Answer 29

GPT: 1. Best choice when the motherboard supports UEFI 2. As long as you don't think you'll use a motherboard that uses BIOS in the future 3. Helps to future-proof your system as GPT has many advantages

Question 30

Can you initialize and partition a storage device at the same time you install the operating system?

Answer 30

Yes you can initialize and partition a storage device at the same time you install an operating system

Question 31

What is the tool you use on Windows to add or modify drives and arrays?

Answer 31

Disk Management

Question 32

What on your desktop do you right-click to get to Disk Management?

Answer 32

Start button

Question 33

What are 5 volume statuses you might see at the top of Disk Management? What do they mean? H, H-AR, F, F, U

Answer 33

1. Healthy - All is well 2. Healthy (At Risk) - Readable atm, but are read/write errors at the disk level, maybe on another volume 3. Formatting - in the process of being formatted 4. Failed - Volume is damaged or corrupt. Check physical connections. If Dynamic volume, check all disks in the set (if part of a RAID) are online and healthy 5. Unknown - disk has not been initialized or boot sector is corrupt

Question 34

What are 8 common disk statuses you might see on the bottom, far left column in Disk Management? O, O-E, O, Not In, F, Un, Un, No M

Answer 34

1. Online - disk is healthy and communicating well with computer 2. Online-Errors - A dynamic disk has read/write errors on an area of the disk 3. Offline - either corrupted or having communication problems. Right click to bring online. 4. Not initialized - disk doesn't have valid signature (maybe not been partitioned or formatted). right click > initialize disk. If disk was working, drive may be failing or corrupted. 5. Foreign - appears when you move a dynamic disk into another computer. right click > import foreign disks 6. Unreadable - disk is not accessible. hardware, software, corruption, or read/write error on an area of the disk 7. Unrecognized - disk type not supported by Windows, may be from a different OS 8. No Media - removable media drive (like DVD) has no disk in it

Question 35

New disks must be initialized before use. What does this mean? identifies what

Answer 35

Initializing identifies what system that disk belongs to and what role it will have

Question 36

What happens if you don't initalize a hard drive? ???

Answer 36

If you don't initialize a hard drive, it will show up as Unknown status

Question 37

If a hard disk has previously been used, you don't need to _____ it

Answer 37

initialize

Question 38

How do you change a MBR disk to GPT?

Answer 38

You right-click on the disk in the lower pane, left side and select Convert to GPT

Question 39

How do you know the disk has been initialized?

Answer 39

It will show a status of Basic and Online in the lower portion of the Disk Management window

Question 40

After a disk has been initialized, and the disk space shows as unallocated, how do you create a new volume?

Answer 40

You right-click on the volume and "New Simple Volume"

Question 41

Allocation unit is another name for cluster; what is a cluster? a cluster is a ____ of ____addressed as a

Answer 41

a cluster is a group of sectors that is addressed as a single unit (a group of people being known as 1 name = Jabbawokees)

Question 42

What two groups do partitioning errors fall in? failing to, making the wrong

Answer 42

1. Failure to partition at all 2. Partitioned using the wrong type or size

Question 43

How would you know you have a partition error, like when you try to find it or when you start filling it up with files? (2)

Answer 43

You would know you have a partition error because 1. the drive wouldn't show up 2. the drive is so small it fills up quickly

Question 44

What is diskpart?

Answer 44

a command line utility for partitioning storage devices

Question 45

What are 2 things diskpart can do that Disk Management can't? creating ____ partitions on ____, setting ____ ____

Answer 45

diskpart can: create extended partitions on a MBR drive setting up mirrored volumes