Lesson 1

Question 1

Psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a
response that is not typical or culturally expected.

Answer 1

Psychological Disorder

Question 2

refers to a breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning.

Answer 2

Psychological Dysfunction

Question 3

Individual is extremely upset and cannot function properly.

Answer 3

Distress or Impairment

Question 4

Deviates from the average or the norm of the culture.

Answer 4

Atypical or Not Culturally Expected

Question 5

Scientific study of
psychological disorders.

Answer 5

Psychopathology

Question 6

Received Ph.D. and follow a course of graduate-level study lasting approx. 5 years.

Answer 6

Clinical/Counseling Psychologist

Question 7

A psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear of an object or situation.

Answer 7

Phobia

Question 8

Another term for psychological disorder.

Answer 8

Problematic abnormal behavior

Question 9

A related concept that is also useful is to determine whether the
behavior is out of the individual’s control (something the person
doesn’t want to do).

Answer 9

Harmful dysfunction

Question 10

Focus on clinical training and deemphasize or eliminates research training

Answer 10

Psy.D.

Question 11

Integrate clinical and research training
o Psychiatrists – first earn an M.D. in med school, then specialize in Psychiatry

Answer 11

Ph.D.

Question 12

Rarns master’s in social work as they develop expertise in collecting information relevant to the social and
family situation of the individual

Answer 12

Psychiatric Social Workers

Question 13

They may keep up with the latest scientific developments in their field
and utilize the knowledge in their practice

Answer 13

Scientist-practitioners

Question 14

Traditional shorthand way of indicating why the person
came to the clinic; answers “what?”

Answer 14

Presenting problem/Presents

Question 15

Represents the unique combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a specic disorder.

Answer 15

Clinical description

Question 16

Refers both to the types of problems or disorders that you would find in a clinic or hospital and to the activities
connected with assessment and treatment.

Answer 16

Clinical

Question 17

Statistical concepts/figures

Answer 17

Prevalence
Incidence
Sex ratio

Question 18

Statistical concept/figure which answers how many people in the population as a whole have the disorder.

Answer 18

Prevalence

Question 19

Statistical concept/figure which answers how many new cases occur during a given period, such as a year

Answer 19

Incidence

Question 20

Types of course

Answer 20

Chronic
Episodic
Time-limited

Question 21

Somewhat individual pattern that most disorders follow.

Answer 21

Course

Question 22

A course that tends to last a long time, sometimes a lifetime

Answer 22

Chronic

Question 23

A course where the individual is likely to recover within a few months only to suffer a recurrence of the disorder at a later time; worse when recurred.

Answer 23

Episodic

Question 24

A course where the disorder will improve without
treatment in a relatively short period with little or no risk of
recurrence; will be experienced whether you like it or not; won’t stay

Answer 24

Time-limited

Question 25

Types of onset

Answer 25

Acute Insidious

Question 26

An onset that begins suddenly

Answer 26

Acute

Question 27

An onset that develops gradually over an extended period of time; harmful; something bad will happen

Answer 27

Insidious

Question 28

The anticipated course of disorder; assesses if good or bad

Answer 28

Prognosis

Question 29

Causes & factors from behavioral & cognitive processes

Answer 29

Psychological dimension

Question 30

Chemical imbalance in the body; biological determinance

Answer 30

Biological dimension

Question 31

A surgical procedure in which a circular piece of bone is drilled and excised, most commonly from the human skull.

Answer 31

Trephination

Question 32

Study of origins; has to do with why a disorder begins (what causes it); includes biological, psychological, and social dimensions.

Answer 32

Etiology

Question 33

3 major models that have guided us date back to the beginnings of civilization.

Answer 33

Supernatural model Biological model Psychological model

Question 34

Being hysterical, too emotional, exaggerated, and has extreme emotions; treated as being possessed

Answer 34

Hysteria

Question 35

Views psychological disorder as being possessed by an evil spirit

Answer 35

Demonoligical model

Question 36

Contagious manifestations; practiced continuously; persecutory delusions

Answer 36

Shared psychosis

Question 37

Whole groups of people were simultaneously compelled to run out in the streets, dance, shout, rave, and jump around in patterns as if they were a particularly wild party

Answer 37

Mass hysteria

Question 38

Rejected the notions of possession and suggested that the movement of moon and starts had profound effects on people’s psychological functioning

Answer 38

Paracelsus

Question 39

Founder of modern psychiatry; used compassion and pioneering approach in treating mental illness in Europe during the time of witchcraft

Answer 39

Johann Weyer

Question 40

Father of Modern Medicine; started scientific approach on viewing abnormalities

Answer 40

Hippocrates

Question 41

4 humors of Hippocrates

Answer 41

Blood (Sanguine) Yellow Bile (Choleric) Black Bile (Melancholic) Phlegm (Phlegmatic

Question 42

Humor of very positive people.

Answer 42

Blood/Sanguine

Question 43

Humor of short-tempered people

Answer 43

Yellow bile/choleric

Question 44

Humor of introspective and sentimental people; possible to commit suicide

Answer 44

Black bile/Melancholic

Question 45

Humor of calm and unemotional people

Answer 45

Phlegm/Phlegmatic

Question 46

A process where a carefully measured amount of blood was removed from the body, often with leeches.

Answer 46

Bleeding/Bloodletting

Question 47

Cause of certain aspects that affects your system

Answer 47

Multidimensional

Question 48

A sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterial microorganism entering the brain, include believing that everyone is plotting against you

Answer 48

Advanced syphilis

Question 49

Psychological disorders characterized in part by beliefs that are not based in reality (delusions), perceptions that are not based in reality (hallucinations), or both

Answer 49

Psychosis

Question 50

The procedure where they'll be using increasingly higher dosages until, Finally, patients convulsed and became temporarily comatose

Answer 50

Insulin shock therapy

Question 51

A drug that diminished hallucinatory and delusional thought processes in some patients; controlled agitation and aggressiveness.

Answer 51

Neuroleptics

Question 52

A drug that seemed to reduce anxiety.

Answer 52

Benzodiazepines

Question 53

Approaches to the causation of psychopathology, which focus not only on psychological factors but also on social and cultural ones.

Answer 53

Psychosocial treatment

Question 54

A form of therapy which includes treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible in a setting that encouraged and reinforced normal social interaction

Answer 54

Moral Therapy

Question 55

The first major approach in psychology; elaborate theory of the structure of the mind and the role of unconscious processes in determining behavior

Answer 55

Psychoanalysis

Question 56

2nd major approach in psychology which focuses on how learning and adaptation affect the development of psychopathology.

Answer 56

Behaviourism

Question 57

Recalling and reliving emotional trauma that has been made unconscious and to release the accompanying tension.

Answer 57

Catharsis

Question 58

The most comprehensive theory yet constructed on the development and structure of our personalities.

Answer 58

Psychoanalytic model

Question 59

Unconscious protective processes that keep primitive emotions associated with conflicts in check so that the ego can continue its coordinating function.

Answer 59

Defense mechanisms

Question 60

Conflicts that may takeover if id and superego get too strong.

Answer 60

Intrapsychic conflicts

Question 61

The underlying assumption is that all of us could reach our highest potential, in all areas of functioning, if only we had the freedom to grow

Answer 61

Self-actualizing

Question 62

An approach where the therapist takes a passive role, making as few interpretations as possible.

Answer 62

Person-centered therapy

Question 63

The complete and almost unqualified acceptance of most of the client’s feelings and actions, is critical to the humanistic approach.

Answer 63

Unconditional positive regard

Question 64

Subjects simply reported on their inner thoughts and feelings aer experiencing certain stimuli, but the results of this “armchair” psychology were inconsistent and discouraging to many experimental psychologists

Answer 64

Introspection

Question 65

Individuals were gradually introduced to the objects or situations they feared so that their fear could extinguish; that is, they could test reality and see that nothing bad happened in the presence of the phobic object or scene.

Answer 65

Systematic desensitization.

Question 66

a process of reinforcing successive approximations to a final behavior or set of behaviors.

Answer 66

Shaping