Chapter 6 Flashcards
Individuals are pathologically concerned with the functioning of their bodies; have an excessive or maladaptive response to physical symptoms or to associated health concerns.
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
The Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders are sometimes grouped under the shorthand label of?
Medically unexplained physical symptoms
Individuals experience intense and extreme alterations, or detachments, in consciousness or identity (dissociation or dissociative experiences) that they lose their identity entirely and assume a new one, or they lose their memory or sense of reality and are unable to function.
Dissociative Disorders
3 types of Dissociative Disorders
(i) Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder
(ii) Dissociative Amnesia
(iii) Dissociative Identity Disorder
Somatic symptom and dissociative disorders are strongly linked historically and used to be categorized under one general heading?
Hysterical neurosis
Soma means body, and the problems preoccupying these people seem, initially, to be
physical disorders; important feature of these physical symptoms, such as pain, is that it is real and it hurts whether there are clear physical reasons for pain or not.
SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDER
SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDER is formerly known as?
Briquet’s syndrome
The most relevant co-occurring mental disorders; due to somatic symptom disorder’s association with suicidal thoughts and suicide
attempts.
Anxiety and depressive disorder
Treatments for SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDER
(1) Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
(2) Cognitive Behavioral Treatments (CBT)
(3) Explanatory Therapy
(4) CBT and the drug Paroxetine (Paxil)
Preoccupation with physical symptoms; Physical symptoms are either not experienced at the present time or are very mild, but severe anxiety is focused on the possibility of having or developing a serious disease; the concern is primarily with the idea of being sick instead of the physical symptom itself; individual is preoccupied with bodily symptoms, misinterpreting them as indicative of illness or disease.
ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER
ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER was formerly known as?
Hypochondriasis
A difficult-to-shake belief about disease.
Disease conviction
Medical care, including physician visits or undergoing tests and procedures, is frequently used.
(ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER)
Care-seeking type
Medical care is rarely used
(ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER)
Care-avoidant type
Kind of approach used in ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER
Better than sorry approach
Treatments for ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER
(1) Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
(2) Cognitive Behavioral Treatments (CBT)
(3) Explanatory Therapy
A related somatic symptom; Requires the presence of medical conditions as well as psychological factors that adversely affect its course or interfere its treatment
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING MEDICAL CONDITION
Generally have to do with physical malfunctioning, such as paralysis,
blindness, or difficulty speaking (aphonia), without any physical or organic pathology to account for the malfunction.
FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOM DISORDER
FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOM DISORDER was formerly known as?
Conversion disorder
Who popularized conversion disorder?
Freud
Lack of concern about the nature or
implications of the symptom
La belle indifférence
Treatment for FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOM DISORDER
Identify and attend to the traumatic or stressful life event, if it is still present
Severe and frightening feeling of unreality that they dominate an individual’s life and
prevent normal functioning
DEPERSONALIZATION/DEREALIZATION DISORDER
Perceptual distortions
Tunnel vision
Difficulty absorbing new information
Mind emptiness
Experiences of unreality, detachment, or being an outside observer with respect to one’s thoughts, feelings, sensations,
body, or actions; perception alters and temporarily loses the sense of one’s own reality, as if you were in a dream and you were watching yourself; feeling of unreality or detachment from, or unfamiliarity with, the individual’s
whole self or from aspects of the self.
Depersonalization
Experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings; sense of the reality of the external world is lost; feeling of unreality or detachment from, or unfamiliarity with, the world, be it individuals, inanimate objects, or all surroundings
Derealization
“I know I have feelings, but I don’t feel
them”
Hypoemotionality
Mean age at onset of DEPERSONALIZATION/DEREALIZATION DISORDER
16 years
Course of DEPERSONALIZATION/DEREALIZATION DISORDER
Persistent
Idealization/devaluation, projection, and acting
out result in denial of reality and poor
adaptation.
Immature defenses
Defectiveness and emotional inhibition and
subsume themes of abuse, neglect, and
deprivation.
Cognitive disconnection schemata
Impaired autonomy with themes of dependency,
vulnerability, and incompetence.
Overconnection schemata
DEPERSONALIZATION/DEREALIZATION DISORDER has high comorbidity for?
Unipolar depressive disorder and for any anxiety disorder
Characterized by an inability to recall autobiographical information that is inconsistent
with normal forgetting.
Dissociative Amnesia
Subtype of dissociative amnesia; characterized by apparently purposeful travel or bewildered wandering
Dissociative Fugue
Dissociative Fugue is also called as?
Amnesia for travel
Individual enters a trancelike state and suddenly, imbued with a mysterious source of
energy, runs or flees for a long time.
Running Disorders
Individuals in this trancelike state often brutally assault and sometimes kill people or animals
Amok
Types of Dissociative Amnesia
Localized
Selective
Systematized
Generalized
A failure to recall events during a circumscribed
period of time.
Localized
The individual can recall some, but not all, of the
events during a circumscribed period of time.
Selective
The individual fails to recall a specific category of
important information.
Systematized
Involves a complete loss of memory for most or all of the individual’s life history.
Generalized
Characterized by a) the presence of two or more distinct personality states or an experience of possession and b) recurrent episodes of dissociative amnesia.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
The person who becomes the patient and asks for treatment of DID.
Host
Transition from one personality to another
Switch
Causes of DID
● Child abuse
● Childhood trauma
Treatment for DID
● Long-term psychotherapy
● Medications
This category applies to presentations in which symptoms characteristic of a dissociative disorder that cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning predominate but do not meet the full criteria for any of the disorders in the dissociative disorders diagnostic class.
Other Specified Dissociative Disorder
