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GBE > Leg and ankle joint > Flashcards

Leg and ankle joint Flashcards

1
Q

What are the compartments of the lower leg

A

anterior
lateral
deep + superficial posterior

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2
Q

What separates the anterior and the posterior compartment

A

interosseous membrane

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3
Q

What separates the anterior and the lateral compartment

A

intermuscular septum

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4
Q

What separates the lateral and the posterior compartment

A

intermuscular septum

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5
Q

what separates the deep and superficial posterior comparments

A

deep transverse intermuscular septum

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6
Q

what surrounds all of the compartments of the lower leg

A

crurofascia

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7
Q

what is the neurovascular supply of the anterior compartment of the lower leg

A

deep fibular/perineal nerve

ant fibial artery and vein

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8
Q

what is the nerve supply of the lateral compartment of the lower leg

A

sup perineal nerve

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9
Q

what is the nerve supply of the posterior compartment of the leg

A

tibial nerve

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10
Q

What type of joint is the superior tibio fibular joint

A

synovial

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11
Q

What type of joint is the inferior tibio fibular joint

A

fibrous

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12
Q

What are the retinaculae of the ankle

A

superior and interior retinaculae

superior and inferior perineal retinaculae

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus

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14
Q

What is the origin of tibialis anterior

A

lateral surface of tibia

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15
Q

What is the attachment of tibialis anterior

A

medial cuneiform + base of 1st metatarsal

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16
Q

What is the innervation of tibialis anterior

A

deep fibular nerve

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17
Q

What is the function of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexion and inversion

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18
Q

Describe tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral surface of tibia
A: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
I: deep fibular nerve
dorsiflextion

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19
Q

What is the origin of extensor hallucis longus

A

medial surface of fibular shaft

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20
Q

What is the attachment of extensor hallucis longus

A

distal phalanx of greater toe

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21
Q

What is the innervation of extensor hallucis longus

A

deep fibular nerve

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22
Q

What is the function of extensor hallucis longus

A

extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot

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23
Q

Describe extensor hallucis longus

A

O: medial surface of fibular shaft
A: distal phalanx of greater toe
I: deep fibular nerve
Fn; extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot

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24
Q

What is the origin of extensor digitorum longus

A

lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula

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25
Q

What is the attachment of extensor digitorum longus

A

tendon splits into 4 - inserting into the lateral 4 toes

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26
Q

What is the innervation of extensor digitorum longus

A

deep fibular nerve

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27
Q

What is the function of extensor digitorum longus

A

extension of 4 toes + dorsiflexion of feet

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28
Q

Describe extensor digitorum longus

A

O: lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula
A: tendon splits into 4 - inserting into the lateral 4 toes
I: deep fibular nerve
Fn: extension of 4 toes + dorsiflexion

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29
Q

What % of the population has peroneus tertius

A

85%, its involved in eversion

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30
Q

What are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the lower leg

A

fibularis longus and brevis

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31
Q

What is the origin of fibularis longus

A

superior and lateral surface of fibula + lateral tibial condyle

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32
Q

What is the attachment of fibularis longus

A

the fibres converge to a tendon which passes posteriorly to the malleolus the tendon crosses under the foot and attaches to medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I

33
Q

What is the innervation of fibularis longus

A

superficial fibular nerve (L4 - S1)

34
Q

What is the function of fibularis longus

A

eversion and plantarflexion of foot

35
Q

Describe fibularis longus

A

O: superior and lateral surface of fibula and latera tibial condyle
A: the fibres converge to a tendon which passes posteriorly to the malleolus the tendon crosses under the foot and attaches to medial cuneiform bones
I: superficial fibular nerve (L4 - S1)
Fn: eversion and plantar flexion of foot

36
Q

What is the origin of fibularis brevis

A

inferolateral surface of fibular shaft

37
Q

What is the attachment of fibularis brevis

A

tendon passes posteriorly to medial malleolus but under the tendon of fibularis longus; then attaches to metatarsal V

38
Q

What is the innervation of fibularis brevis

A

superficial fibular nerve

39
Q

What is the function of fibularis brevis

A

eversion of the foot

40
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg

A

gastrocnemius
plantaris
soleus

41
Q

What is the origin of gastrocnemius

A

lateral head: lateral femoral condyle

medial head: medial femoral condyle

42
Q

What is the attachment gastrocnemius

A

calconeal tendon

43
Q

What is the innervation of gastrocnemius

A

tibial nerve

44
Q

What is the function of gastrocnemius

A

plantar flexion

45
Q

Describe gastrocnemius

A 
O: lateral head - lateral femoral condyle
medial head - medial femoral condyle
A: calconeal tendon
I: tibial nerve
Fn: plantar flexion
46
Q

What is the origin of plantaris

A

lateral supracondylar line of femur

47
Q

What is the attachment of plantaris

A

calconeal tendon

48
Q

What is the innervation of plantaris

A

tibial nerve

49
Q

What is the function of plantaris

A

plantar flexion

50
Q

Describe plantaris

A

O: lateral supracondylar line of femur
A: calconeal tendon
I: tibial nerve
Fn: plantar flexion

51
Q

What is the origin of soleus

A

soleal line of the tibia and proximal fibular area

52
Q

What is the attachment of soleus

A

calconeal tendon

53
Q

What is the innervation of soleus

A

tibial nerve

54
Q

What is the function of soleus

A

plantar flexion

55
Q

Describe soleus

A

O: soleal line of the tibia and proximal fibular area
A: calconeal tendon
I: tibial nerve
Fn: plantar flexion

56
Q

What are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the lower leg

A

Popliteus
Tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus

57
Q

What is the origin of popliteus

A

lateral condyle of femur

58
Q

What is the attachment of popliteus

A

tibia - above soleal line

59
Q

What is the innervation of popliteus

A

tibial nerve

60
Q

What is the function of popliteus

A

laterally rotates femur on tibia, unlocking the knee beginning flexion

61
Q

Describe popliteus

A

O: lateral condyle of femur
A: tibia above soleal line
I: tibial nerve
Fn: laterally rotates femur on tibia, unlocking the knee beginning flexion

62
Q

What is the origin of tibialis posterior

A

interosseous membrane

63
Q

What is the attachment of tibialis posterior

A

medial tarsal bones + plantar surfaces

64
Q

What is the innervation of tibialis posterior

A

tibial nerve

65
Q

What is the function of tibialis posterior

A

plantar flexion of foot and eversion of foot

66
Q

Describe tibialis posterior

A

O: interosseous membrane
A: medial tarsal bones + plantar surfaces
I: tibial nerve
Fn: plantar flextion of foot and eversion of foot

67
Q

What is the origin of flexor digitorum longus

A

medial surface of tibia

68
Q

What is the attachment of flexor digitorum longus

A

plantar surfaces of lateral 4 digits

69
Q

What is the innervation of flexor digitorum longus

A

tibial nerve

70
Q

What is the function of flexor digitorum longus

A

plantar flexion of foot and eversion of foot

71
Q

Describe flexor digitorum longus

A

O: medial surface of tibia
A: plantar surfaces of lateral 4 digits
I: tibial nerve
Fn: plantar flexion of foot and eversion of foot

72
Q

What is the origin of flexor hallucis longus

A

posterior surface of fibula

73
Q

What is the attachment of flexor hallucis longus

A

plantar surface if phalanx of greater toe

74
Q

What is the innervation of flexor hallucis longus

A

tibial nerve

75
Q

What is the function of flexor hallucis longus

A

flexion of lateral 4 digits

76
Q

Describe flexor hallucis longus

A

O: posterior surface of fibula
A: plantar surface of phalanx of greater toe
I: tibial nerve
Fn: flexion of lateral 4 digits

77
Q

What is the most likely ligament to be torn in the ankle?

A

anterior talofibular

78
Q

What is the ligament that snaps in a forced eversion injury

A

deltoid ligament

GBE (48 decks)

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