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GBE > Hip Region II > Flashcards

Hip Region II Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the hip bone

A

Ilium ischium and pubis

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2
Q

What is the origin of gluteus maximus

A

Ileum - posterior to the posterior gluteal line + dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx

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3
Q

What is the attachment of gluteus maximus

A

Lateral condyle of tibia

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4
Q

What is the innervation of gluteus maximus

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5 + S1,2)

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5
Q

What is the function of gluteus maximus

A

Extends and laterally rotates thigh

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6
Q

Describe gluteus maximus

A

O: ileum , posterior to the posterior gluteal line and the dorsal surface of the sacrum and coccyx
A: lateral condyle of the tibia
I: inferior gluteal nerve (L5 + S1,2)
Fun: extends and laterally rotates thigh

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7
Q

What is the origin of gluteus medius

A

Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines on the ileum

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8
Q

What is the attacment if the gluteus medius

A

Lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the gluteus medius

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4,5 S1)

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10
Q

What is the function of gluteus medius

A

Abduct + medially rotates thigh

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11
Q

Describe gluteus medius

A

O: between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines
A: lateral surface of the greater trochanter of femur
I: superior gluteal nerve (L4,5 S1)
Fun: abducts and medially rotates thigh

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12
Q

What is the origin of gluteus minimus

A

Between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines of the ileum

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13
Q

What is the attachment of gluteus minimus

A

Anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the gluteus minimus

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4,5 S1)

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15
Q

What is the function of gluteus minimus

A

Abduction and medial rotation of thigh

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16
Q

Describe gluteus minimus

A

O: between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines on the ileum
A: anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
I: superior gluteal nerve (L4,5 and S1)
Fun: abducts and medially rotates thigh

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17
Q

What is the origin of tensor fasciae latte

A

ASIS

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18
Q

What is the attachment of tensor fascia latte

A

Iliotibial tract attaching to the condyle of the tibia

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19
Q

What is the innervation of tensor fascia latte

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4,5 S1)

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20
Q

What is the function of tensor fascia latae

A

Flexion on thigh

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21
Q

What are the gluteal muscles

A 
Gluteus maximus medius and minimus
Tensor fascia latae
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratics femoris
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22
Q

What are the lateral rotator gluteal muscles

A

Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratics femoris

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23
Q

What is the origin of piriformis

A

Ant surface of 2-4 sacral segments

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24
Q

What is the innervation of piriformis

A

Nerve to piriformis

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25
Q

What is the function of piriformis

A

Laterally rotates extended thigh
Abducts flexed thigh
And steadies femoral head in acetabulum

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26
Q

Describe piriformis

A 
O: 2-4 sacral segments
A: N/A
I: nerve to piriformis
Function: laterally rotates extended thigh 
Abducts flexed thigh
And steadies head in acetabulum
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27
Q

What is the origin of obturator internus

A

Pelvic surface of ilium and ischium and obturator membrane

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28
Q

What is the innervation of obturator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus (L5S1)

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29
Q

What is the function of obturator internus

A

Laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts the flexed thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

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30
Q

Describe obturator internus

A

O: pelivis surface of ilium ischium and obturator membrane
A: N/A
I: nerve to obturator membrane (L5, S1)
Function: laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh and steadies femoral head in acetabulum

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31
Q

What is the origin of gemelli

A

Superior gemelli: ischial spine

Inferior: ischial tuberosity

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32
Q

What is the innervation of gemelli

A

Superior: nerve to obturator internus
Inferior: nerve to quadratics femoris

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33
Q

What is the function of gemelli

A

Laterally rotates thigh and steadies femoral head in acetabulum

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34
Q

Describe gemelli

A 
O: superior- ischial spine
Inferior- ischial tuberosity
A: N/A
I: sup: nerve to obturator internus 
Inf: nerve to quadratus internus
Function: laterally rotates thigh and steadies femoral head in acetabulum
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35
Q

What is the origin of quadratus femoris

A

Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

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36
Q

What is the innervation of quadratus femoris

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

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37
Q

What is the function of quadratus femoris

A

Laterally rotates thigh and steadies head of femur in acetabulum

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38
Q

Describe quadratus femoris

A

O: lateral border of ischial tuberosity
A: N/A
I: nerve to quadratus femoris
Function: laterally rotates thigh and steadies femoral head in acetabulum

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39
Q

What are the posterior thigh muscles

A

Semitendinous
Semimembranous
Biceps femoris

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40
Q

What is the origin of semitendinous

A

Ischial tuberosity

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41
Q

What is the attachment of semitendinous

A

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

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42
Q

What is the innervation of semitendinous

A

Tibial division of sciatica nerve (L5, S1,2)

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43
Q

What is the function of semitendinous

A

Extends thigh, flexes leg + rotates

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44
Q

Describe semitendinous

A

O: ischial tuberosity
A: medial surface of superior part of tibia
I: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1 + S2)
Fn: extends thigh, flexes leg + rotates leg medially when knee is flexed

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45
Q

What is the origin of semimembranous

A

ischial tuberosity

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46
Q

What is the attachment of semimembranous

A

posterior part of medial head of medial condyle of tibia

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47
Q

what is the innervation of semimembranous

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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48
Q

what is the function of semimembranous

A

extends thigh, flexes leg, rotates leg medially when knee is flexed

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49
Q

Describe semimembranous

A

O: ischial tuberosity
A: posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
I: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Fn: extends thigh, flexes knee, medial rotation of the leg when the knee is flexed

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50
Q

What is the origin of biceps femoris

A

long head: ischial tuberosity

short head: linea aspera + lateral supracondylar line of femur

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51
Q

What is the attachment of biceps femoris

A

lateral side of head of fibula + fibular collateral lig of knee

52
Q

What is the innervation of biceps femoris

A

long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

53
Q

What is the function of biceps femoris

A

flexes leg + rotates it laterally when knee is flexed

54
Q

Describe biceps femoris

A

O: long head - ischial tuberosity
short head - linea aspera + lateral supracondylar line of the femur
A: lateral side of head of fibula + fibular collateral lig of knee
I: long head - tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
short head - common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Fn: flexes leg + rotates it laterally when knee is flexed

55
Q

What is trendelenbergs sign

A

a waddling gate; when the gluteus muscles don’t hold your pelvis straight

56
Q

What nerves pass through the greater sciatic foramen and how?

A

Superior gluteal nerve - superior to piriformis

inferior gluteal nerve, sciatic, pudendal nerve + perforating cutaneous nerve all inferior to piriformis

57
Q

What arteries pass through the greater sciatic foramen and how?

A

Superior gluteal artery - superior to piriformis

inferior gluteal artery + internal pudendal artery pass inferior to piriformis

58
Q

How do you know where to do gluteal intramuscular injections and why

A

Spread your hand out so that your forefinger is on the ASIS and your middle finger is on the iliac tubercle; the space between them is the safe area. The sciatic nerve runs under the gluteal muscles

59
Q

What are the three:

  • compartments
  • neurovascular sets
  • openings

in the thigh/ from the pelvis

A

compartments: anterior, medial + posterior
NV sets: femoral nerve + vessels; obturator nerve + vessels; sciatic nerve
Openings: femoral, obturator, greater sciatic foramen

60
Q

What is the origin of pectineus

A

superior ramus of pubis

61
Q

What is the attachment of pectineus

A

pectineal line of femur

62
Q

What is the innervation of pectineus

A

femoral nerve (L2, L3)

63
Q

What is the function of pectineus

A

adducts and flexes thigh

64
Q

Describe pectineus

A

O: superior ramus of pubis
A: pectineal line of femur
I: femoral nerve (L2, L3)
Fn: adducts and flexes thigh

65
Q

What is the origin of psoas major

A

sides of T12 to L5

66
Q

What is the attachment of psoas major

A

lesser trochanter of femur

67
Q

What is the innervation of psoas major

A

ant. rami of lumbar nerves (L1-3)

68
Q

What is the function of psoas major

A

flexes thigh

69
Q

Describe psoas major

A

O: sides of T12 to L5
A: lesser trochanter of femur
I: ant rami of lumbar nerves (L1-3)
Fn: flexes thigh

70
Q

What is the origin of iliacus

A

iliac crest, iliac fossa + ant sacroiliac ligaments

71
Q

What is the attachment of iliacus

A

tendon to psoas major

72
Q

What is the innervation of iliacus

A

femoral nerve (L2, 3)

73
Q

What is the function of iliacus

A

flexes thigh

74
Q

Describe iliacus

A

O: iliac crest, iliac fossa + ant sacroiliac ligaments
A: tendon to psoas major
I: femoral nerve L2,3
Fn: flexes thigh

75
Q

What is the origin of sartorius

76
Q

What is the attachment of sartorius

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

77
Q

What is the innervation of sartorius

A

femoral nerve (L2, 3)

78
Q

What is the function of sartorius

A

flexes, abducts + laterally rotates thigh at hip + flexes leg at knee

79
Q

Describe sartorius

A

O:ASIS
A: superior part medial surface of tibia
I: femoral nerve (L2, 3)
Fn: flexes, abducts + laterally rotates thigh at hip + flexes leg at knee

80
Q

What is the origin of rectus femoris

81
Q

What is the attachment of rectus femoris

A

quadriceps tendon to base of patella

82
Q

What is the innervation of rectus femoris

A

femoral nerve (L2, 3 4)

83
Q

What is the fn of rectus femoris

A

extends leg at knee

84
Q

Describe rectus femoris

A

O: ASIS
A: quadriceps tendon to base of patella
I: femoral nerve (L2, 3,4)
Fn: extends leg at knee

85
Q

What is the origin of vastus medialis

A

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

86
Q

What is the attachment of vastus medialis

A

quadriceps tendon to base of patella

87
Q

What is the innervation of vastus medialis

A

femoral nerve (L2, 3,4)

88
Q

What is the function of vastus medialis

A

extends leg at the knee

89
Q

Describe vastus medialis

A

O: intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera
A: quadriceps tendon to base of patella
I: femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
Fn: extends leg at the knee

90
Q

What is the origin of vastus lateralis

A

greater trochanter + lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

91
Q

What is the attachment of vastus lateralis

A

quadriceps tendond to base of patella

92
Q

What is the innervation of vastus lateralis

A

femoral nerve (L2,3,4)

93
Q

What is the function of vastus lateralis

A

Extends leg at the knee

94
Q

Describe vastus lateralis

A

O: greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
A: quadriceps tendon to base of patella
I: femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
Fn: extends leg at the knee

95
Q

What are the muscles of the medial thigh

A 
Adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis
obturator externus
96
Q

What is the origin of adductor longus

A

body of pubis inf to pubic crest

97
Q

What is the attachment of adductor longus

A

middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

98
Q

What is the innervation of adductor longus

A

obturator nerve (L2,3,4)

99
Q

What is the function of adductor longus

A

adducts thigh

100
Q

Describe adductor longus

A

O: body of pubis inf to pubic crest
A: missle 1/3 of linea aspera of femue
I: obturator nerve (L2,3,4)
Fn: adducts thigh

101
Q

What is the origin of adductor brevis

A

Body + inf ramus of pubis

102
Q

What is the attachment of adductor brevis

A

pectineal line and prox part of linea aspera of femur

103
Q

What is the innervation of adductor brevis

A

obturator nerve L2,3,4

104
Q

What is the function of adductor brevis

A

adducts thigh

105
Q

Describe adductor brevis

A

O: body and inf ramus of pubis
A: pectineal line and prox part of linea aspera of femur
I: obturator nerve L2,3,4
Fn: adducts thigh

106
Q

What is the origin of adductor magnus

A

adductor part: inf ramus of pubis

hamstring part: ischial tuberosity

107
Q

What is the attachment of adductor magnus

A

adductor part: gluteal tuberosity + linea aspera

hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur

108
Q

what is the innervation of adductor magnus

A

adductor part: obturator nerve (L2,3,4)

hamstring part: tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)

109
Q

What is the function of adductor magnus

A

adductor part: adducts thigh

hamstring part: extends thigh

110
Q

Describe adductor magnus

A

O: adductor part - inf ramus of pubis
hamstring part - ischial tuberosity
A: adductor part - gluteal tuberosity
hamstring part - adductor tubercle of femur
I: adductor part - obturator nerve (L2,3,4)
hamstring part - tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)
Fn: adductor part - adducts thigh
hamstring part - extends thigh

111
Q

What are the two parts to adductor magnus

A

adductor and hamstring part

112
Q

What is the origin of gracilis

A

body and inf ramus of pubis

113
Q

What is the attachment of gracilis

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

114
Q

What is the innervation of gracilis

A

obturator nerve (L2,3)

115
Q

What is the function of gracilis

A

adducts thigh + medial rotation

116
Q

Describe gracilis

A

O: body and inf ramus of pubis
A: superior part of medial surface of tibia
I: obturator nerve (L2,3)
Fn: adducts thigh + medial rotation

117
Q

What is the origin of obturator externus

A

margin of obturator foramen and membrane

118
Q

What is the attachment of obturator internus

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

119
Q

What is the innervation of obturator internus

A

obturator nerve (L3,4)

120
Q

What is the function obturator internus

A

laterally rotates thigh

121
Q

Describe obturator internus

A

O: margin of obturator foramen and membrane
A: trochanteric fossa of femur
O: obturator nerve (L3,4)
Fn: laterally rotates thigh

122
Q

What are the points of the femoral triangle

A

ASIS pubic tubericle + adductor tubercle

123
Q

What does the femoral triangle contain

A

femoral nerve + femoral sheath (which contains femoral artery vein and deep inguinal lymph nodes)

124
Q

What does the femoral sheath contain

A

femoral artery, vein and deep inguinal lymph nodes

125
Q

What is the iliotibial tract

A

Combination of the tendons of tensor fascia lata and gluteus maximus which attaches into the lateral condyle of the tibia

126
Q

What are the superficial and deep layers of gluteal muscles

A

Superficial: gluteus max, med + min
+ tensor fascia latae

Deep: gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, piriformis

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