Lecture Sept 20

Question 1

differences between Adler and Freud

Answer 1

Adler:
- mind is integrated whole
- emphasis on conscious mind
- future goals are important source of motivation
- optimistic about human existence
- dreams important to learn about lifestyles
- humans free to determine their own personality
- minimized importance of sex
- goal of therapy to encourage lifestyle that includes social interest

Freud:
- mind viewed as consisting of warring factions
- emphasized unconscious mind
- future goals are unimportant
- biological motives are primary
- pessimistic about human experience
- dreams analyzed to detect contents of unconscious mind
- personality determined by hereditary and environmental factors
- maximized importance of sex
- goal of therapy to discover repressed early thoughts

Question 2

fictional finalism

Answer 2

part of striving for superiority

IMAGINED or POTENTIAL fictional GOALS

guide behaviour towards complete state of being

these fictions are determinants of lifestyle

Question 3

adler: what is the essence of being human?

Answer 3

striving

Question 4

adler: what’s the personality structure

Answer 4

lifestyle

psyc processes we need to reach goals are established very young via childhood experiences

people use diff means to reach same goal

Question 5

adler: social interest

Answer 5

people’s innate ability to socialize

crucial to adjustment

Question 6

adler: striving process

Answer 6

striving is based on a unique feeling of inferiority that develops early on in life

Question 7

adler: maladjustment

Answer 7

feeling too inferior

social interest not sufficiently developed

striving for goals that will make you feel better than everyone

at odds with being social

Question 8

causes of inferiority complexes

Answer 8

1. organic inferiority
2. spoiling or pampering
3. neglecting

Question 9

adler: style of life

Answer 9

unique character structure or pattern of behaviours

expression of striving is different and unique for every person

influenced by social interactions

mistaken lifestyles exist

Question 10

style of life: mistaken lifestyles

Answer 10

1. ruling-dominant type
2. getting-leaning type
3. avoiding type
4. socially useful type

Question 11

style of life: mistaken lifestyles traits

Answer 11

1. dominant (attacking)
2. avoiding (ignores problems)
3. getting (dependent)
4. socially useful (cooperative)

Question 12

Alfred Adler developed…

Answer 12

approach of INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 13

Alfred Adler contributions to understanding personality

Answer 13

• notion of striving for superiority
• role of parental influence on personality development
• effects of birth order

Question 14

Alfred Adler life and childhood

Answer 14

1870-1937

childhood:
- illness, awareness of death, intense jealousy of older brother

• feelings of inferiority
• compensated for weaknesses through persistence

Question 15

Carl Jung

Answer 15

first president of the International Psychoanalytic Association

disagreement with Freud’s theory resulted in resignation from association in 1914

Question 16

Carl Jung established…

Answer 16

ANAYTIC PSYCHOLOGY

Question 17

archetype types

Answer 17

animus archetype

anima archetype

persona archetype

shadow archetype

self archetype

Question 18

jung’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world

Answer 18

1. sensing (irrational)
2. thinking (rational)
3. feeling (rational)
4. intuiting (irrational)

Question 19

Jung’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - SENSING

Answer 19

irrational

detects the presence of objects

indicates that something is there but doesn’t indicate what it is

Question 20

ng’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - THINKING

Answer 20

rational

tells what an object is

gives names to objects that are sensed

Question 21

Jung’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - FEELING

Answer 21

rational

determines what an object is worth to the person

pertains to liking and disliking

Question 22

ng’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - INTUITING

Answer 22

irrational

provides hunches when factual info is unavailable

Jung said “whenever you have to deal with strange

Question 23

extroverted vs introverted thinking

Answer 23

extro:
- logical, objective, dogmatic

intro:
- more interested in ideas than people

Question 24

extroverted vs introverted feeling

Answer 24

extro:
- emotional, sensitive, sociable
- more typical of women than men

intro:
- reserved, undemonstrative
- yet capable of deep emotion

Question 25

extroverted vs introverted sensing

Answer 25

extro:
- outgoing, pleasure seeking, adaptable

intro:
- outwardly detached, expressing themselves in aesthetic pursuits

Question 26

extroverted vs introverted intuiting

Answer 26

extro:
- creative, able to motivate others, and to seize opportunities

intro:
- concerned with the unconscious more than everyday reality

Question 27

Carl Jung: how to reach fulfillment

Answer 27

individuation

integration of all conscious and unconscious facets of personality

Question 28

Jung’s aspects of personality

Answer 28

ego

attitudes

psychological functions

psychological types

personal unconscious

complexes

the collective unconscious

archetypes