Lecture Sept 20 Flashcards
differences between Adler and Freud
Adler:
- mind is integrated whole
- emphasis on conscious mind
- future goals are important source of motivation
- optimistic about human existence
- dreams important to learn about lifestyles
- humans free to determine their own personality
- minimized importance of sex
- goal of therapy to encourage lifestyle that includes social interest
Freud:
- mind viewed as consisting of warring factions
- emphasized unconscious mind
- future goals are unimportant
- biological motives are primary
- pessimistic about human experience
- dreams analyzed to detect contents of unconscious mind
- personality determined by hereditary and environmental factors
- maximized importance of sex
- goal of therapy to discover repressed early thoughts
fictional finalism
part of striving for superiority
IMAGINED or POTENTIAL fictional GOALS
guide behaviour towards complete state of being
these fictions are determinants of lifestyle
adler: what is the essence of being human?
striving
adler: what’s the personality structure
lifestyle
psyc processes we need to reach goals are established very young via childhood experiences
people use diff means to reach same goal
adler: social interest
people’s innate ability to socialize
crucial to adjustment
adler: striving process
striving is based on a unique feeling of inferiority that develops early on in life
adler: maladjustment
feeling too inferior
social interest not sufficiently developed
striving for goals that will make you feel better than everyone
at odds with being social
causes of inferiority complexes
- organic inferiority
- spoiling or pampering
- neglecting
adler: style of life
unique character structure or pattern of behaviours
expression of striving is different and unique for every person
influenced by social interactions
mistaken lifestyles exist
style of life: mistaken lifestyles
- ruling-dominant type
- getting-leaning type
- avoiding type
- socially useful type
style of life: mistaken lifestyles traits
- dominant (attacking)
- avoiding (ignores problems)
- getting (dependent)
- socially useful (cooperative)
Alfred Adler developed…
approach of INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY
Alfred Adler contributions to understanding personality
- notion of striving for superiority
- role of parental influence on personality development
- effects of birth order
Alfred Adler life and childhood
1870-1937
childhood:
- illness, awareness of death, intense jealousy of older brother
- feelings of inferiority
- compensated for weaknesses through persistence
Carl Jung
first president of the International Psychoanalytic Association
disagreement with Freud’s theory resulted in resignation from association in 1914
Carl Jung established…
ANAYTIC PSYCHOLOGY
archetype types
animus archetype
anima archetype
persona archetype
shadow archetype
self archetype
jung’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world
- sensing (irrational)
- thinking (rational)
- feeling (rational)
- intuiting (irrational)
Jung’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - SENSING
irrational
detects the presence of objects
indicates that something is there but doesn’t indicate what it is
ng’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - THINKING
rational
tells what an object is
gives names to objects that are sensed
Jung’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - FEELING
rational
determines what an object is worth to the person
pertains to liking and disliking
ng’s psychological functions: ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world - INTUITING
irrational
provides hunches when factual info is unavailable
Jung said “whenever you have to deal with strange
extroverted vs introverted thinking
extro:
- logical, objective, dogmatic
intro:
- more interested in ideas than people
extroverted vs introverted feeling
extro:
- emotional, sensitive, sociable
- more typical of women than men
intro:
- reserved, undemonstrative
- yet capable of deep emotion
extroverted vs introverted sensing
extro:
- outgoing, pleasure seeking, adaptable
intro:
- outwardly detached, expressing themselves in aesthetic pursuits
extroverted vs introverted intuiting
extro:
- creative, able to motivate others, and to seize opportunities
intro:
- concerned with the unconscious more than everyday reality
Carl Jung: how to reach fulfillment
individuation
integration of all conscious and unconscious facets of personality
Jung’s aspects of personality
ego
attitudes
psychological functions
psychological types
personal unconscious
complexes
the collective unconscious
archetypes
