Lecture 9-Intrinsic motivation & "flow" Flashcards
Common coaching/teaching assumption about rewards
Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic rewards are additive (ie more the better)
Definition of intrinsic motivation
Activity pursued for its own sake in the absence of any extrinsic reqards
Cognitive evaluation theory
Theory to explain the differential effects of rewards on intrinsic motivation
Cognitive evaluation theory critical aspect—>
evaluation, interpretation, or perception of the reward; NOT the rewards per se.
Extrinsic rewards are not
necessarily good or bad
2 aspects /perceptions of a reward that affect I.M
1- Controlling aspect (internal external)
2- Informational aspect (about self competence)
Any reward has potential controlling and/or informational aspects:
PERCEPTION is the key!
Balance between informational and controlling aspects
- High feelings of self competence self control increases IM
- Low feelings of self competence self control decreases IM
How can we enhance/ increase intrinsic motivation?
1) Structure the setting for success
2) Set realistic goals
3) Give rewards cintingent on performance not outcome
4) Vary the content and sequencing of training drills: try to avoid boredom
5) Phase out (tangible) rewards as I.M increases
6) Involve participants in decision making: give them some control
7) Provide an environment conductive to “flow” (flow =Task demands/challenge)
Definition of flow
- Total absorption in the activity
- Merging of action and awareness
- Loss of self consciousness
- A sense of control
- Absence of extrinsic rewards
-Effortless movement
Flow=
intrinsically motivated activities where your skill meets the challenge in such a way as to provide “the” experience (in the zone)
If a task is too easy=
If a task is too hard=
Boredom
Anxiety
