Lecture 15- Building an intention to start

Question 1

Bias

Answer 1

Negative beliefs and attitudes towards people with certain characteristics e.g people with overweight/obesity

Question 2

Bias are exibited

Answer 2

when people are given negative labels e.g lazy lacking willpower, lack physical ability

Question 3

what are the consequences of bias

Answer 3

Negative impacts on relationships between person and professional and their engagement in health-based services

causes poor mental health in the individuals

Question 4

Bias are common in

Answer 4

Physical education, exercise & sport science students, fitness professionals

Question 5

Contribution factors of bias

Answer 5

-Beliefs that weight is under personal control ie if people exercised they would not be overweight
-Perceiving the athletic body to be the ideal
-Not having a close family member/friend who is overweight

Question 6

What is recommended to do

Answer 6

Be aware of your biases reflect on the consequences of them and your assumptions

Question 7

Different decision making stages

Answer 7

People can be in different stages of decision making

Question 8

What are the different stages

Answer 8

1. No intention change (pre contemplation
2. Thinking about change (contemplation
   3.Reasy to change (preparation)
3. Start doing it (action)
   5.Been doing it for >6months (maintenance)

Question 9

Preparation stage

Answer 9

People in preparation can be doing a bit of physical activity but are not yet meeting the goal to meet the physical guidelines

Question 10

Why is 6 months < maintenance

Answer 10

After 6 months there is more chance that we are not going to drop out
Less likely to relapse

Question 11

What strategy is needed in the first two stages

Answer 11

Build motivation/create intension/desire to be active

Question 12

In the last 3 stages what is the strategy

Answer 12

Enact & retain motivation/intention/
prevent relapse

Question 13

what stage do we know the least about and why

Answer 13

Pre contemplation is the stage that we know the least about
Because they are not the people that usually sign up for studies for research

Question 14

Applying psych strategies

Answer 14

specific strategy HOW-> target ‘psych concept important for motivation WHAT-> Physical activity RESULT

Question 15

Creating intention meaning

Answer 15

Willingness & extent of effort to perform behaviour

Question 16

What are the three aspects that lead to intention

Answer 16

-Attitude
-Subjective norm
-Perceived Behavioural Control

Question 17

What are the two things that lead to physical activity

Answer 17

Intention and Perceived Behavioural Control

Question 18

There is a direct relationship between

Answer 18

Intention and physical activity

Question 19

Attitude

Answer 19

Positive or negative evaluation of exercise

Question 20

Affective attitudes

Answer 20

(emotions/feelings)
Do I like it, does it make me feel good?

Question 21

Instrumental attitudes

Answer 21

(Gains/losses expected)
Do I think its important?

Question 22

……. attitudes stronger predictor of intention than….. attitudes

Answer 22

Affective
Instrumental

Question 23

Decision balance exercise for instrumental attitudes

what are you weighing out (two factors)

Answer 23

Good things about exercising

Less good things about exercising

Question 24

Instead of bad things say…

Answer 24

less good
So there is less negative connotation with exercise

Question 25

Not just simply relaying the benefits but ….

Answer 25

emphasise meaning to their life, needs to be relavent to them and what they care about

e.g How would your life be different is you were physically active

Question 26

How do we change attitudes?

Answer 26

Changing that cognitive appraisal of exercise

What is it about exercise that you dont like or doesn’t make you feel good?

Question 27

Subjective Norm

Answer 27

Beliefs about what others expect of your -represents the social pressures to exercise

Question 28

The social pressure to exercise can come from many different people
It is whether the person

Answer 28

actually cares about what the person actually thinks (you might care more about GP because they are a professional)

Question 29

Where do subjective norms come from

Answer 29

Direct from a person; through what others are doing
Do you care about what they think??

Question 30

There is mixed evidence for the effect of subjective norm on intention. Potential for reactance …

Answer 30

Can be harnessed positively by
- Making activity seem the “norm”
- Discussing how your behaviour influence those around you

Question 31

Instead of telling them what to do

Answer 31

Ask them what they want to do

Question 32

How is your behaviour influencing the environment around you

Answer 32

If your are inactive are your children unactive

Question 33

Perceived behavioural control

Answer 33

Perceived ease or difficulty of actually exercising

• what are your barriers and can you overcome them?
  Are there things that can help you to exercise?

Question 34

Barrier related contingency plans (stimulus control)

Answer 34

Anticipate factors that prevent physical activity -> From a concrete plan to deal with risk situation

Question 35

Anticipate factors that prevent physical activity -> From a concrete plan to deal with risk situation (example?)

Answer 35

I have to work late, I will be too tired to exercise afterward -> I will get up early and go for a walk before work

Question 36

Support people to make their own plans dont…

Answer 36

make their plans for them

Question 37

How good is the Theory of planned Behaviour?

Collectively attitude, subjective norm & PBC predict???? of intension for PA

Answer 37

45%

Question 38

How good is the Theory of planned Behaviour?

Intention (&PBC) predicted to directly influence PA but only explains ???

Answer 38

27%

Question 39

45% this means that there is other things that the theory does not predict

Answer 39

50% of intention to exercise is controlled by something else