Lecture 5 - Achievement Motivation in sport/exercise

Question 1

What is achievement motivation?

Answer 1

Striving toward a standard of excellence or attempting to reach/achieve a specific goal (e.g personal best in competition). Person will persist in the face of failure, and experience pride in goal accomplishment

Question 2

Who else knows about your achievement motivation?

Answer 2

Unless you choose to tell someone else no one else is going to know if you have achieved that goal or not

Question 3

Sport and competition is a social achievement motivation your success or failure whether you achieve that goal or not it public other people are going to be evaluating you (what lectures does ken tell us to connect this too????)

Answer 3

NOTE: Ken said connect this stuff to stress and anxiety lectures

Question 4

Achievement motivation in sport is popularly called …..

Answer 4

Competitiveness

Question 5

Defining the achievement situation

Answer 5

A measurable performance for which the individual is responsible, which canand will be evaluated in terms of a standard of excellence (by self or others), where there is uncertainty in Outcome (success/failure)

Question 6

Three aspects to achievement motivation

Answer 6

1)Direction
2)Intensity
3)Persistence

Question 7

Direction

Answer 7

Motives, goals, goal orientations

Question 8

Intensity

Answer 8

Arousal/activation levels

Question 9

Persistence

Answer 9

Direction + intensity over-time

Question 10

Why study achievement motivation

Answer 10

1. Individual differences in achievement motivation affect participation and performance in sport/exercise
2. Achievement motivation is the basis of competitiveness (e.g influences stress and anxiety)

Question 11

Achievement motivation and attribution theory Definition-

Answer 11

Attributions are the reasons that individuals give for their success or failure. What people attribute their performance to is the perceived cause of their performance. These attributions affect motivation

Question 12

These attributions affect motivation
we won because ….. we lost because

Answer 12

Won
* Lucky
* We had better players
* Team work
Lost
* Poor communication
* Lack of team work
* They were better
* The ref was against us

Question 13

Attribution theory :Three categories of attributions

Answer 13

• Stability- fairly permanent or unstable
• Causality- internal pr external factor
• Control- a factor that is or is not under our control

Question 14

How do attributions affect achievement behaviour?
Influence future ……………… & achievement behaviour ie ……… for an activity

Answer 14

Performance expectancies
Future motivation

Question 15

How do attributions affect achievement behaviour?
Attributions can influence ………… (e.g anxiety)

Answer 15

emotions

Question 16

How do attributions affect achievement behaviour?
High and low achievers have different ……….. Which account for differences in ………

Answer 16

Attributional patterns
Achievement behaviour

Question 17

Achievement goal theory
Multidimensional achievement motives

Answer 17

• Achievement Goal orientations
• Usefulness of goal orientations

Question 18

Achievement Goal Orientations
Goal Orientations=

Answer 18

different personal definitions of success

Question 19

3 achievement Goal Orientations

Answer 19

• Task Orientation (Process)
• Ego/outcome Orientation (Product)
• Social Approval Orientation (Praise)

Question 20

Task Orientation (Process)

Answer 20

• Focus on task/skill mastery
• Self focus

Question 21

Ego/outcome Orientation (Product)

Answer 21

• Focus on social comparison and competition; ego
• Other-focus (because the comparison point is are you better than others)

Question 22

Social Approval Orientation (Praise)

Answer 22

• Focus on demonstrating effort, gaining approval and praise from, significant others
• Other-focus

Question 23

Goal orientation in Sport/Exercise

Answer 23

• Multiple Goal Orientations
• Goal orientations are Dynamic (trait and state)
• Each combination of goal orientations represents an individuals definition of SUUCCESS
• We must consider achievement goal orientations in order to understand achievement motivation

Question 24

Implications for professional practice
* Remember the ……… focus of motivation
* Monitor …………
* Emphasise ……… Goals
* Determine when ……….. Goals are useful

Answer 24

Interactional
Attribution patterns
Task/mastery
Ego/Outcome

Question 25

Motivation =

Answer 25

Direction (goals) + Intensity (arousal + Anxiety)