Lecture 9 2/14/24

Question 1

What are the general characteristics of the Trichinelloidea superfamily?

Answer 1

-whip-like worms/capillary worms
-anterior end more slender than posterior
-absent/reduced lips and buccal capsule
-esophagus is very long, fine tube
-infect various locations

Question 2

What are the characteristics of different Trichinelloidea eggs?

Answer 2

-Trichuris eggs have symmetrical polar plugs
-capillary worms have asymmetrical polar plugs

Question 3

What type of life cycle is seen with Trichinelloidea?

Answer 3

direct lifecycle

Question 4

Which stage of Trichinelloidea is typically infectious?

Answer 4

L1 larvae inside the egg

Question 5

What are the characteristics of Trichuris spp.?

Answer 5

-DH is dogs, swine, ruminants, people, maybe cats
-adults 4-8 cm
-PPP 6-12 weeks

Question 6

What size egg is seen with Trichuris spp. that infect ruminants?

Answer 6

75x35 um

Question 7

What are the characteristics of Trichuris suis?

Answer 7

-infects pigs
-eggs are 50-60x21-31 um

Question 8

What are the characteristics of Trichuris vulpis?

Answer 8

-infects dogs
-eggs are 70-90x32-41 um
-clinical signs can appear before a pos. fecal float

Question 9

How do the clinical signs of Trichuris infection differ between ruminants, pigs, and dogs?

Answer 9

-ruminants rarely have clinical signs
-young pigs can suffer from bloody diarrhea, stunted growth, and anorexia
-dogs can range from asymptomatic to having bloody diarrhea

Question 10

What are the characteristics of Trichuris vulpis treatment?

Answer 10

-animals should be treated immediately, at 3 weeks, and at 3 months
-eggs are very resilient; important to keep dogs away from contaminated areas

Question 11

Which clinical signs are associated with small bowel diarrhea?

Answer 11

-melena
-normal/moderately increased frequency of defecation
-large volume of feces

Question 12

Which clinical signs are associated with large bowel diarrhea?

Answer 12

-hematochezia
-tenesmus/straining
-excessive fecal mucus
-moderate/greatly increased frequency of defecation
-reduced volume of feces

Question 13

What are the characteristics of the Addisonian-crisis like disease state seen with whipworm infection in dogs?

Answer 13

-dogs cannot regulate salt conc.
-leads to dehydration and worsening condition
-abnormal sodium and potassium values
-normal ACTH stim. test

Question 14

How is Trichuris vulpis diagnosed?

Answer 14

-history
-fecal float
-stool antigen snap test
-clinical signs
-necropsy

Question 15

What are the characteristics of Capillarids?

Answer 15

-adults 10-50 mm x <1 mm
-asymmetrical polar plugs on eggs
-eggs 50-80x20-40 um

Question 16

What are the characteristics of Aonchotheca putorii?

Answer 16

-found in stomach or intestine
-main DH is cats
-eggs 57-66 x 21-28 um
-dark shell with thickened ridges
-males 2.5 to 5.3 mm
-females 3.5 to 7.4 mm

Question 17

What are the characteristics of Eucoleus aerophilus?

Answer 17

-lungworms
-main DH is dogs
-paratenic hosts are rodents and earthworms
-PPP is 2 months
-eggs 59-80 x 30-40 um
-chronic cough
-diagnosed via fecal float

Question 18

What are the characteristics of Eucoleus boehmi?

Answer 18

-nasal worm
-main DH is dogs
-sneezing and nasal discharge
-eggs 54-64 x 30-35 um
-PPP of 2 months

Question 19

What are the characteristics of Pearsonema plica?

Answer 19

-bladder worm
-main DH is dogs

Question 20

What are the characteristics of Pearsonema feliscati?

Answer 20

-bladder worm
-main DH is cats
-IH is earthworms
-PH thought to be birds
-PPP 2 months
-eggs 58-74 x 23-31 um
-found on urine sedimentation