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SP1 Parasitology > Lecture 3 1/25/24 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 1/25/24 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of cestodes/tapeworms?

A

-elongated
-segmented body
-scolex for attachment
-no alimentary canal
-small intestine parasites
-eggs/proglottids passed in feces
-indirect lifecycles
-larval stages are metacestodes

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2
Q

What is the stroblia?

A

the entire segmented body of a tapeworm

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3
Q

What are proglottids?

A

the individual body segments of a tapeworm

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4
Q

What is a rostellum?

A

a ring of pronounced hooks around the anterior end

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5
Q

Where do new proglottids grow from?

A

the neck of the tapeworm

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6
Q

How do immature and mature proglottids differ?

A

mature proglottids have distinct sexual organs

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the cestode order Dypthilodbothriidea?

A

-aquatic stages of lifecycle
-two I.H.’s
-eggs expelled from proglottid’s midventral pore
-operculated eggs
-bothria/grooves and no suckers

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of Dibothriocephalus latus?

A

-aka Broad Fish Tapeworm
-D.H. includes dogs, cats, foxes, bears, pigs, seals, walruses, sea lions, humans
-1st I.H. is copepod
-2nd I.H. is fish
-paratenic host can be larger fish
-PPP is 6 weeks
-adult in small intestine
-zoonotic

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Spirometra spp.?

A

-D.H. is cat, dog, bobcat, raccoon
-1st I.H. is copepod
-2nd I.H. is frogs, snakes, rodents
-PPP is 10 days

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of Dibothriocephalus/Spirometra pathogenesis?

A

-adults cause relatively little damage
-plerocercoids can cause damage from migration if ingested by D.H.
-eggs released from pores instead of entire proglottid detaching
-want to avoid raw fish and predation

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of the cestode order Cyclophyllidea?

A

-terrestrial life cycle stages
-usually one I.H.
-proglottids passed in feces
-lateral genital pores
-suckers for attachment

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of Dipylidium caninum?

A

-D.H. is dog, cat, human
-I.H. is fleas, lice
-eggs are 40-50 um
-egg packets are 200 um
-PPP is 2-3 weeks
-adults around 50 cm
-zoonotic

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13
Q

What are potential ways to diagnose Dipylidium?

A

-visualize gravid proglottids in feces or on animal
-visualize egg packets or eggs on fecal float
-observe flea/louse infestation
-observe stroblia in vomit/feces
-subclinical, anal pruritis from moving proglottids

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of Anoplocephala/Paranoplocephala?

A

-D.H. is equine
-I.H. is pasture mites
-eggs are 50-80 um
-PPP is 1-2 months

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15
Q

What is the appearance of Anoplocephala/Paranoplocephala eggs?

A

pyriform apparatus is surround by “cytoplasm” and a visible ring

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Paranoplocephala mamillana?

A

-found in duodenum
-3.5cmx4mm in size

17
Q

What are the characteristics of Anoplocephala magna?

A

-found in ileum
-80cmx2cm in size

18
Q

What are the characteristics of Anoplocephala perfoliata?

A

-found in junction of ileocecal valve
-5-8cmx1.5cm in size

19
Q

What clinical conditions are associated with Anoplocephala perfoliata?

A

-colic
-mucosal inflammation/ulceration
-ileocecal intussusception
-intestinal perforation
-peritonitis

20
Q

What are the potential diagnostics for Anoplocephala?

A

-sugar fecal flotation
-ELISA test - shows history of infection ONLY

21
Q

How is Anoplocephala treated/controlled?

A

routine anthelmintic containing praziquantel

22
Q

What are the characteristics of Moniezia spp.?

A

-D.H. is cattle, sheep, goats, camelids
-I.H. is pasture mites
-eggs 50-80 um and square
-adults up to 6 meters
-PPP is 1-2 months
-typically no clinical disease

23
Q

Which family of tapeworms has a mammalian IH?

A

Taeniidae

24
Q

Which Taenia spp. have dogs and cats as DH?

A

-T. pisiformis
-T. taeniaeformis
-T. ovis
-T. hydatigena

25
Q

What is the size of Taeniidae eggs?

A

30-40 microns

26
Q

How does the scolex appear in Taenia pisiformis?

A

very bold rostellum with hooks

27
Q

What is a unique feature of Taeniidae?

A

one genital pore per segment

28
Q

What are the characteristics of Taenia pisiformis?

A

-DH is dog
-IH is rabbit
-eggs 30-40 um
-PPP 6-9 weeks

29
Q

What are the characteristics of Taenia hydatigena?

A

-DH is dog
-IH is swine, ruminants, deer, moose, other wild ungulates
-economically significant due to hepatitis cysticercosa
-leads to condemnation of livers

30
Q

What are the characteristics of Taenia ovis?

A

-DH is dog
-IH is sheep and goats
-found in muscle tissue
-serious economic losses
-sheep vx available

31
Q

What are the characteristics of Taenia taeniaeformis?

A

-DH is cat
-IH is rodents
-associated with neoplasms in IH

32
Q

How are the Taenia spp. found in dogs and cats diagnosed?

A

-eggs on sugar flotation
-visualization of stroblia or proglottids

33
Q

What are the clinical signs/pathology of the Taenia spp. seen in dogs and cats?

A

-subclinical in DH
-space occupying lesions occur in IH

34
Q

Which cestodes have mammalian hosts and are of human health concern?

A

-Taenia saginata
-Taenia solium
-Echinococcus granulosous
-Echinococcus multilocularis

35
Q

What are the characteristics of Taenia saginata?

A

-aka beef tapeworm
-DH is human
-IH is cattle

36
Q

What are the characteristics of Taenia solium?

A

-aka pork tapeworm
-DH is human
-IH is swine and human
-humans get encephalitis when infected with egg

37
Q

What are the characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

-DH is canids
-IH is ruminants, camelids, swine, horses, marsupials, elk, and humans
-metacestode is a hydatid cyst

38
Q

What are the characteristics of Echinococcus multilocularis?

A

-DH is canids and felids
-IH is rodents, ruminants, horses, swine, humans
-alveolar hydatid cyst

SP1 Parasitology (23 decks)

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