Lecture 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What nuclei is the 1st Rexed’s Laminae a part of?

A

Marginal layer nuclei

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2
Q

What nuclei is Rexed Laminae 2 a part of?

A

Substantia Gelatinosa

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3
Q

Which nuclei is the 3rd and 4th Rexed Laminae a part of?

A

Nucleus Proprius

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4
Q

Which Rexed Laminae is a part of the Clarke’s nucleus?

A

7

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5
Q

What nuclei is Rexed’s laminae IX a part of?

A

Motor Nuclei

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6
Q

Which Rexed’s Laminae does proprioception

A

3 and 4

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7
Q

Which Rexed Laminae does noxious stimuli

A

1 and 2

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8
Q

What layer of meninges does the CSF circulate between?

A

Subarachnoid

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9
Q

With flexion of the spine, the SC stretches __% wereas the cauda equina ____

A

Spinal Cord stretches 10%

Cauda Equina stretches very little

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10
Q

What tract is the only one which doesn’t get it’s signals modulated by the spinalcord, and instead ascends all the way to the medulla before synapsing

A

Dorsal Column

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11
Q

How does the Jendrassik maneuver alter the DTR

A

Decreases inhibition going down the spinal cord

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12
Q

What is the purpose of central pattern generator

A

Rhythmic motor patterns

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13
Q

With complete transection of spinal cord, the Stepping pattern generator (Central pathway generator) can only be activated by ____________

A

Artificial means

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14
Q

What is the crossed extension reflex?

A

Withdraw reflex of one leg will ilicit the opposite LE to extend and catch yourself before you fall

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15
Q

What is a Renshaw cell?

A

Inhibitory interneuron who inhibits agonist and disihibits antagonist to promote fine motor control

Opposite of a muscle spindle!

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16
Q

segmental vs vertical tract impairment

A

segmental - show dermatomal/myotomal pattern

vertical pattern- everything below the level of that lesion (ipsilateral or contralateral depending on the tract)

17
Q

Reflexive bladder function requires what spinal levels?

A

Afferents: T11-L2 + S2-S4 cord levels

18
Q

The frontal cortex inhibits the _____ from telling sacral urination center to empty

19
Q

If the situation is appropriate the ______ disinhibits the ___ which will then signals to the sacral cord center to contract bladder walls

A

Frontal cortex disinhibits the pons

20
Q

The sacral cord center signals _______ (parasympathetic or sympathetic) neurons to contract the bladder wall and relax the sphincter

A

Parasympathetic

21
Q

Though the pons does not inhibit the bladder wall, it does send inhibitory signals to the __________

A

Alpha motor neurons of the external sphincter and pelvic floor muscles

22
Q

Bladder filling is involuntary with _______ (sympathetic or parasympathetic) fibers telling the bladder wall to relax and the internal sphincter to contract

A

sympathetic

Parasympathetic does the opposite (Contracts bladder wall and relaxed sphincter)

23
Q

How is the walking Stepping Pattern Generator normally activated?

A

Brain sends signal down spinal cord to let it know to start walking

24
Q

For sexual function, Psychogenic processes are mediated by what spinal levels?

A

Psychogenic (thoughts) L1-L2

Reflexogenic (sensory) S2-S4

Nerve fibers that originate in L1-L2 with cell bodies in S2-S4 control orgasm

25
Where are the reflexogenic (sensory) fibers responsible for sexual function located
Psychogenic (thoughts) L1-L2 Reflexogenic (sensory) S2-S4 Nerve fibers that originate in L1-L2 with cell bodies in S2-S4 control orgasm
26
What is the location of sympathetic nerve fibers responsible for orgasm
Psychogenic (thoughts) L1-L2 Reflexogenic (sensory) S2-S4 Nerve fibers that originate in L1-L2 with cell bodies in S2-S4 control orgasm + pudendal nerve
27
What is Brown-Sequard syndrome
Exactly 1 half of the spinal cord is cut. It manifests with weakness or paralysis and proprioceptive deficits on the side of the body ipsilateral **(motor tracts+dorsal column)** to the lesion and loss of pain and temperature sensation on the **contralateral side (anteriolateral).**
28
In Brown-Sequard syndrome, the dorsal column senses are affected (contralaterally/ipsilaterally) Whereas the anteriolateral cord senses are effected (contralaterally/ipsilaterally)
Dorsal- Ipsilateral (note motor tracts are ipsilateral too) Anteriolateral - Contralateral (Because this tract crosses immediately in the spinal cord)
29
How does anterior cord syndrome usually present?
Motor, Nociceptive, Temperature Impairments
30
What functions are typically preserved in anterior cord syndrome?
Proprioception and light touch
31
How and where does central cord syndrome usually occur?
Usually seen at cervical level following trauma