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21 fall: Dev Bio > Lecture 8 placenta > Flashcards

Lecture 8 placenta Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

5 functions of placenta

A 
protection
nutrition
respiratory
excretory
endocrine
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2
Q

the total nutriment supplied to the embryo

A

embyrotrophe

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3
Q

nutriment from endometrial glands

A

histotrophe

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4
Q

nutriment from maternal blood

A

hemotrophe

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5
Q

components of fetal membrane

A

yolk sac
amnion
allantois
chorion

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6
Q

components of the placenta

A

fetal membrane

maternal endometrium

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7
Q

cells that surround the blastocyst

A

trophoblast

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8
Q

what does trophoblast turn into

A

extra embryonic and fetal membrane

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9
Q

ICM turns into

A

amniotic cavity
hypoblast
epiblast

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10
Q

what is gastrulation

A

epiblast turning into ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm

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11
Q

term for ectoderm with underlying mesoderm

A

somatopleure

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12
Q

folds in somatopleure become ___ and ____

A

amnion and chorion

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13
Q

explain amnion

A

part of placenta that directly encases the embryo

-space within called amniotic cavity which is filled with amniotic fluid

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14
Q

what is chroion

A

part of placenta that directly interacts with uterus

- made of ectoderm lined by mesoderm

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15
Q

the term for amnion fused with allantois

A

mesamnion

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16
Q

what is important about mesamnion

A

amnion will rip and stay connected to allantois, baby born not covered in amnion. Cattle and Sheep

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17
Q

term for endoderm and mesoderm

A

splanchnopleure

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18
Q

out pouching of the hindgut that hold excretions from fetus

A

allantois

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19
Q

the allantois expands and eventually contacts the chorion and forms the

A

chorioallantois

20
Q

mesoderm is highly vascular and forms the

A

umbilical cord

21
Q

umbilical make up

A

2 arteries

1 vein

22
Q

part of placenta that has direct connection with endometrium of uterus

A

chorion

23
Q

allantois, chorion and endometrium

A

uteroplacental unit

24
Q

when yolk sac and chroion are adjacent

A

chroiovitelline placenta

25
Q

three ways placenta is classified

A

shape
microscopic layers
amount of tissue lost

26
Q

describe diffuse

A

entire surface of chorion is covered in microcotyledon that are microville that project into crypts(microcaruncles) of the endometrium except for over gland openings or cervical star in the horse

velvety

pig, horse

27
Q

describe cotyledonary

A

cotyledon on chorion and caruncles on endometrium form placentome

very efficient

ruminants: cattle. sheep and goats

28
Q

what is the connective structure of the chorion

A

cotyledon

29
Q

what is the connective structure of the endometrium

A

caruncle

30
Q

what is chorion and caruncle together

A

placentome

31
Q

cows have how many placentome

A

75-125, mushrooms(convex)

32
Q

sheep have how many placentome

A

80-90, concave

33
Q

shape of placentome in goats

A

flat

34
Q

describe zonary

A

band of chorionic fondosum that is in middle of chorionic sac

labyrinthine or lamellae structures

can form blood clots( green) at borders

dogs and cat

35
Q

6 layers of embryo

A

epitheliochorial

36
Q

example of epitheliochorial

A

mare and sow

fetal vessel
fetal mesenchyme
trophoblast
uterine epithelium
uterine mesenchyme
uterine vessel
37
Q

4 layers of embryo

A

endotheliochorial

38
Q

endotheliochorial

A

fetal vessel
fetal mesenchyme
trophoblast
uterine vessel

39
Q

hemochorial

A

fetal vessel
fetal mesenchyme
trophoblast

bathed in the blood of their mother

40
Q

3 layers of embryo name

A

hemochorial

41
Q

when maternal epithelium and submucosa are lost at parturition, leaving a denuded endometrium

A

deciduate

42
Q

deciduate

A

primates

when maternal epithelium and submucosa are lost at parturition, leaving a denuded endometrium

43
Q

indeciduate

A

mare, sow

fetal membranes expelled, endometrium intact

44
Q

fetal membranes expelled, endometrium intact

A

indeciduate

45
Q

types of shape of placentas

A

diffuse - mare
cotyledonary- cow
zonary- dog
discoidal- human

21 fall: Dev Bio (21 decks)

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