Lecture 3 Flashcards
Epiblast turns into what 3 layers
ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm
Inner cell mass turns into
amniotic cavity, epiblast and hypoblast
Ectoderm makes
neural tube, epidermis, neural crest
mesoderm turns into
paraxial mesoderm, intermediate mesoderm and lateral mesoderm
paraxial mesoderm turns into
somites
intermediate mesoderm turns into
urogenital system and reproductive system
lateral mesoderm turns into
splanchnic and somatic
endoderm turns into
primitive gut
examples of endoderm are
epithelial linings of the digestive, respiratory and urogenital systems: lung cells, thyroid cells and pancreatic cells
examples of splanchnic
hematopoietic system (blood), endothelium and internal organs
examples of somatic
limb, skeleton, connective tissue of body cavity and ventral skin dermis
examples of intermediate mesoderm
kidney and gonads (testes and overies)
somites turn into
dermatone, sclerotome, myotome, syndetome
examples of dermatone
dorsal skin dermis
examples of sclerotome
axial skeleton (ribs and vertebrea)
examples of myotome
skeletal muscle
examples of syndetome
tendon cell progenitors
somites
appear bilaterally from cranial to caudal at uniform intervals controlled by “wave of the clock gene expression”
-can be used to stage embryos from different species
examples of clock genes
Wnt/ notch/ FGF
to make sclerotome (bone)
+ Shh (from mesodermal notochord)
- BMP (from ectodermal epidermis and mesodermal lateral plate)
to make dermamyotome (muscle and dermis)
+ BMP (from ectodermal epidermis and mesodermal lateral plate)
+ Wnt (from ectodermal neural tube and ectodermal epidermis)
-Shh (from mesodermal notochord)
BMP is from
from ectodermal epidermis and mesodermal lateral plate
Wnt is from
from ectodermal neural tube and ectodermal epidermis
Shh is from
from mesodermal notochord
MyoD is what
transcription factor that regulates muscle cell differentiation
myostatin does what
inhibits muscle production
inhibition of myostatin results in
increased muscle mass
Belgian Blue Beef cow
Pioneer Transcription Factors
Oct4, Sox2, cMyc and Klf4
can take somatic cell go backwards and can then make any type of cell (pluripotency)
-can activate/recognize genes even when in bound up (heterochromal) DNA
pluripotency
can take somatic cell go backwards and can then make any type of cell
list full breakdown of mesoderm
paraxial -somites: dermatome, sclerotome, myotome and syndetome
intermediate- urogenital system and reproductive system
lateral- splanchnic and somatic
