Lecture 8 - Intro To Nutrition And Digestion Flashcards
What is nutrition? What is the discipline?
The sum of processes by which feed (or food) substances are consumed, metabolized, assimilated, and waste products eliminated.
- studies how the body utilizes nutrients for maintenance and production functions
Why is nutrition significant in animal industries?
Nutrition accounts for more than 70% of production costs
What is the importance of Antoine Lavoisier?
- “Father of Chemistry and Nutrition”
- started the study of how the body converts food into tissues
- disproved Phlogiston theory
What is the importance of Magendie?
- discovered the importance of nutrient diversity to proper nutrition
What is Proximate Analysis?
System for classifying components of food
What is the importance of Beriberi?
- lead to the experiments conducted by Christian Eijkman
- discovery of thiamine (vitamin B1)
What is nutrigenomics?
Molecular level interaction between nutrients and the genome
What is a nutrient?
Chemical element or compound that is required to support cellular needs
(Work, growth, reproduction, maintenance, and repair of tissues)
(Functions - structural components, sources of energy, regulatory functions)
What are the classes of nutrients?
- water
- carbohydrates
- lipids
- proteins
- vitamins
- minerals
What is energy?
The capacity to do work
What is catabolism?
Process of deriving energy from nutrients
- destructive process that produces energy (ATP)
What is anabolism?
Synthesis of molecules from smaller units of metabolic products
- constructive process that consumes energy (ATP)
What does. APT temporarily serve as?
The temporary storage form of energy
What is the 1st law of Thermodynamics?
Energy can be transformed from one state to another but cannot be created or destroyed
What is the 2nd law of Thermodynamics?
All forms of energy are quantitatively convertible to heat
