Chapter 2 - Domestication (part 2) Flashcards
What is Natural Selection?
Gradual process through which Changes occur to the animal.
- change will only occur if the mighty gets survival experience and the **
What is artificial selection
- human decision based on rapid change
What Is tameness?
Docility toward humans
- the original target of selection for coexistence of animals and humans
How does artificial selection play a greater role in the domestication process?
- with artificial selection, genetic modifications mar be chosen despite offering no survival advantage to the animal
- greater variation can be seen within a domesticated animal population than that through natural selection
The Farm-Fox experiment tested what? And saw what results?
- rigorous selection for tameness created changes in behavior, physiology, and morphology
- there were changes in the reproductive pattern
(Lengthened mating season and breeding out of season)
What was discovered through the farm fox experiments?
Selecting for tameness triggered changed in mechanisms that control development
What is Darwin’s description of successful domestication?
- breeding of animals in captivity
- goal oriented
- increased reproduction success
- atrophy or reduction in organs
- greater demonstration of adaptability
- process facilitated by subjugation to humans
What are the differences between domestication and taming?
D - genetic modification, markers
T - conditioned behavioral modification
What are important traits for domestication?
- Large social group with a hierarchical structure
- Promiscuous mating with external signs of mating
- Adaptability to wide range of dietary and environmental conditions
- Low reactivity towards humans
- Precocial young
What are characteristics of the 1st phase of domestication?
- forced relationship between humans and animals
-human control of animal environment - started with control of animals within wild environment
- further capture of young animals with subsequent slaughter at mature stages
- ability to attract animals (communities near water)
- maintain mature animals and use of future offspring
[animal keeping]
What are characteristics of the 2nd phase of animal breeding?
- intentional human selection of animals for farming
[animal breeding]
What are some other reasons for domestication of animals
- transportation
- economic status
- social and religious ceremonies
- research
What are feral animals?
Once domesticated animals that have returned to a wild state
