Lecture 17 - Reproduction (part 2)

Question 1

What is the function of the Oviduct?

Answer 1

• site of fertilization and early cell divisions of embryo
• transport oocyte and sperm towards each other
• muscular tissue with contractile properties

Question 2

How is the oviduct divided?

Answer 2

• infundibulum
• ampulla
• isthmus

Question 3

A pillar-isthmic junction

Answer 3

Site of fertilization

• delays transport of oocyte to increase chances of fertilization
• cilia move embryo towards the utero-tubal junction (UTJ)

Question 4

Uterus

Answer 4

Organ of pregnancy

• sperm transport
• luteolysis and control of cyclisity
• fetal attachment and development
• maternal contribution to placenta
• expulsion of fetus and placenta

Question 5

What are the layers of the uterus?

Answer 5

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

Question 6

Cervix

Answer 6

Located between the uterus and the vagina

Passageway and reservoir for sperm
Barrier to prevent bacteria from entering the uterus
Passageway for fetus during parturition

Question 7

Vagina

Answer 7

Organ of copulation

Question 8

Vulva

Answer 8

External genitalia

Visible swelling during estrus aids in heat detection
Protection for vagina from outside environment

Question 9

Oviparous

Answer 9

Offspring development does not occur within the body

• eggs are fertilized then laid outside the body for continued development
• eggs must be incubated naturally or artificially until development is complete

Question 10

Avian fertilization

Answer 10

Occurs in the infundibulum if sperm are present

• sperm can remain viable in infundibulum for 4-6 days
• ovum spend 30 minutes in the infundibulum

Question 11

What happens in the magnum of the avian

Answer 11

Ovum moves here from infundibulum

• spends 2-3 hours here
• thick albumen (egg white) deposited around the yolk

Question 12

What takes place in the isthmus of the avian

Answer 12

Shell membranes are deposited around the albumen

• 1.5 hours here
• ovum takes water adn mineral salts

Question 13

What takes place in the uterus of the avian

Answer 13

(Aka shell gland)

• egg spends 18-20 hours here
• more albumen added by diffusion
• plumping - water and minerals diffusing in
• calcification of the shell occurs
• pigment is added

Question 14

What takes place in the vagina of an avian?

Answer 14

Cuticle added, seals pores present in the shell

Question 15

What is the function of the cloaca?

Answer 15

Common oriface for copulation, defecation, egg expulsion