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a_anatomy > Lecture 8 - forepaw > Flashcards

Lecture 8 - forepaw Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three foot pads?

A

Distal, metacarpal, and carpal

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2
Q

What main ligaments is the carpal joint supported by?

A

Short ligaments, medial and lateral collateral ligaments

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3
Q

What do the short ligaments of the dorsal carpus do?

A

join neighboring bones in each row

distal bone row to metacarpus

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4
Q

What animal has well developed collateral ligaments?

A

Ungulates

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5
Q

What do the collateral ligaments in the carpus allow in carinvorans?

A

some adduction and abduction

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6
Q

What are the three major joints in the paw?

A

DIP, PIP, and MCP

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7
Q

Where are elastic dorsal ligaments?

A

extend from proximal ends of middle phalanges to unguiclar crests of distal phalanges

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8
Q

What does the elastic dorsal ligament do?

A

Keep claws elevated

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9
Q

How are claws protruded?

A

contraction of FDP

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10
Q

How is the elastic dorsal ligament different in cats?

A

Have two parts, medial ones (longer) and lateral ones (shorter)

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11
Q

Where are the medial EDL’s?

A

proximal interphalangeal joint to side of distal phalanx

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12
Q

Where are lateral EDL’s?

A

distal end of middle phalanx and top of ungular crest

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13
Q

How many medial EDL’s are there?

A

5

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14
Q

How many lateral EDL’s are there?

A

1

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15
Q

What do anngular ligaments do?

A

Maintain the integrity of the palm, and prevent bowing in the synovial sheath

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16
Q

Where do the long tendons of the digital flexors travel?

A

synovial sheath

17
Q

Where are the interosseous muscles in the palm?

A

Lie deep to FDP tendons, cover palmar surfaes of four main metacarpal bones

18
Q

What is embedded in each tendon of an interosseous muscle?

A

sesamoid bone at the MCP joint

Two embedded at digits II-V

19
Q

What nerve innervates the interosseous muscles?

A

Ulnar n.

20
Q

What is the action of interosseous?

A

Flex MCP joint, maintain joint angle when dog bears down on paw

21
Q

What are the main arteries to the forepaw?

A

Radial a., Ulnar a., Median a, superficial palmar arch, and deep palmar arch

22
Q

What are the major nerves to the forepaw?

A

Median n., radial n., and ulnar n.

23
Q

What muscles does the radial n. innervate?

A

none

24
Q

What does the radial n. do?

A

sensory to dorsum of manus

25
Q

What muscles does the median n. innervate?

A

muscles moving digit I

26
Q

What sensory is the median nerve responsible for?

A

Palm

27
Q

Where does the median n. enter the manus?

A

through the carpal canal

28
Q

What muscles does the ulnar n. innervate?

A

interosseous mm., muscles of digit V, and lumbricals

a_anatomy (43 decks)

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