Lecture 7

Question 1

What is the function of the Krebs cycle

Answer 1

usually to completely oxidize carbon, oxidative decarboxylation

Question 2

What is bioremediation?

Answer 2

use living organisms to break down and remove pollutants from the environment, such as cleaning oil spills and cleaning industrial sites.

Question 3

What is metabolism?

Answer 3

The flow of energy

Question 4

What is the most powerful form of energy?

Answer 4

Electricity (electrons)

Question 5

All life requires:

Answer 5

1. electron flow
2. energy to move electrons
3. materials to make cell parts (nutrients)

Question 6

Macronutrients are

Answer 6

Major elements in cell macromolecules

Question 7

Micronutrients are

Answer 7

trace elements necessary for enzyme function

Question 8

Most microbes (_____) use organic carbon

Answer 8

heterotrophs

Question 9

________ use carbon dioxide

Answer 9

Autotrophs

Question 10

What is organic carbon vs inorganic carbon?

Answer 10

Organic carbon has a CH bond

Question 11

Light energy excites electrons, excited m olecules are electron donors

Answer 11

Phototrophs

Question 12

Chemicals are electron donors, oxidation of chemical

Answer 12

Chemotrophs

Question 13

donation of electrons, loosing H, more positive charged

Answer 13

oxidation

Question 14

accepting of electrons, gaining H, more negative charges

Answer 14

reduction

Question 15

Saying to remember redox

Answer 15

OIL RIG

Question 16

Inorganic molecules are electron donors

Answer 16

Lithotrophs

Question 17

Organic molecules are electron donors

Answer 17

organitrophs

Question 18

Electron acceptor is inorganic

Answer 18

respiration

Question 19

Electron acceptor is organic

Answer 19

Fermentation

Question 20

Some gasses pass freely through membranes, follows gradient of material. No carrier, no energy.

Answer 20

Passive diffusion

Question 21

Transporters pass meterial into/out of cell, follows gradient of material. Requires a carrier, no energy.

Answer 21

Facilitated diffusion

Question 22

Use ATP energy to pass metail into cell, transport material against gradient

Answer 22

ABC Transporters

Question 23

Gradient of X pumps Y in same direction

Answer 23

Symport

Question 24

Gradient of X pumps Y in opposite direction

Answer 24

Antiport

Question 25

Uses high-energy phosphate to pass material into cell, modifies material as it enters cell

Answer 25

Phosphotransferase System (PTS)

Question 26

What is the prefferential form of transport done by bacteria?

Answer 26

PTS

Question 27

Breaking down molecules for energy

Answer 27

Catabolism

Question 28

Using energy to build cell components, reducing entropy, creating order

Answer 28

Anabolism

Question 29

Describe how Phosphotransferase System (PTS)