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Microbiology > 18 > Flashcards

18 Flashcards

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1
Q

What kind of element has both a ssRNA and ssDNA in its structure?

A

Retron

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2
Q

What type of genetic element has a captured intervening gene from the host genome?

A

Composite transposon

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3
Q

Which of these elements is most numerous in our genome?

A

SINE

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4
Q

What class of virus uses an mRNA for its genome?

A

IV

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5
Q

What class of virus uses reverse transcriptase to replicate?

A

VII

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6
Q

Approximately how much of the human genome is made of mobile genetic elements?

A

50%

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7
Q

Where do most RNA viruse replicate and assemble in a cell?

A

cytoplasm

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8
Q

What process does influenza virus use when in recombines gene fragments during infection?

A

Genetic shift

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9
Q

What enzyme is used to mobilize insertion sequences in bacteria?

A

Transposase

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10
Q

The four parts of mobilome

A
  1. self-splicing RNA
  2. Transposons
  3. Plasmids
  4. viruses
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11
Q

Self-splicing RNA are ____ genetic elements

A

enzymatic

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12
Q

Transponsons are ___ genetic elements

A

mobile

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13
Q

plasmids are ___ genetic elements

A

autonomous

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14
Q

Viruses are ____ genetic elements

A

infectious

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15
Q

Approximately how much of the wheat genome is made of mobile genetic elements?

A

90%

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16
Q

Approximately how much of the E. coli genome is made of mobile genetic elements?

A

2%

17
Q

Group II Interons

A

large ribosomes

self-splicing

18
Q

Kinds of transposable elements

A
  • DNA transposons
  • retrotransposons
19
Q

Types of transponons

A

composite and complex

20
Q

Genomic islands

A
  • pathogenicity islands
  • symbiosis islands
  • fitness islands
21
Q

SINE

A
  • short interspersed elements
  • 1,500,000 in human genome
  • alu sequences
  • composite SINES
22
Q

LINE

A

long tinerspersed elements
500,000 in human genome

23
Q

LTR

A

long terminal repeats
similar to retroviruses
lack envelope proteins

24
Q

Baltimore class viruses

A

I. Herpes (dsDNA)
II. Parvo (ssDNA)
III. EDHV (dsRNA)
IV. Polio (+ssRNA)
V. Influenza (-ssRNA)
VI. HIV (reverse transcriptase)
VII. Hep B. (DNA pararetroviruses)

25
Q

antigenic drift

A

Mistakes made during infection season that cahnge the shape of the protein so anitbodies do not work anymore

26
Q

Antigenic shift

A

Two different flu viruses can mix to make a new combination

Microbiology (21 decks)

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