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Microbiology > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Eukaryotic cells have a _____ and ______.

A

nucleus, organelles

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2
Q

What is significant about the eukaryotic nucleus?

A

It has a double lipid bilayer

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3
Q

Eukaryotic DNA exists as …

A

chromatin

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4
Q

Genetic material for eukaryotes has ____ ____ ______ present.

A

multiple linear chomosomes

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5
Q

What is the name of the protein DNA is condensed on?

A

histones

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6
Q

The endoplasmic reticulum is a ohospholipid bilaer made of ______ __ and ______ ____.

A

Smooth ER, Rough ER

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7
Q

ER for lipid metabolism and detox reactions.

A

smooth er

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8
Q

ER where ribosomes docked and protein synthesis.

A

Rough ER

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9
Q

The total size of Eukaryote ribosomes is…

A

80S (40S and 60S)

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10
Q

What is the site of respiration?

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

What is the site of photosynthesis?

A

Chloroplast

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12
Q

What is the protein trafficking center?

A

Golgi body

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13
Q

What are the three parts of the cytoskeleton smallest to largest?

A
  1. Actin (red)
  2. intermediate filaments
  3. microtubules (green)
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14
Q

What are vacuoles?

A

lipid-enclosed space for storage

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15
Q

The eukaryote flagellum is used for _____ and moves in waves like an ____.

A

locomotion, oar

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16
Q

Eukaryotic flagellum have a ______ core.

A

microtubule

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17
Q

Some Eukaryotes have capsules made of …

A

polymeric sugars

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18
Q

Animals and fungi are part of the ___ clade.

A

opisthokonts

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19
Q

opisthokonts have a single ______.

A

flagellum

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20
Q

Viridiplantae clade includes…`

A

algae and plants

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21
Q

The vstigial nucleus that engulfed algae still maintaintheir DNA in.

A

Nucleomorph

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22
Q

Cryptophyte algae are _____.

A

protists

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23
Q

What are the clades of protists?

A
  1. Amoebozoa
  2. Cercozoa
  3. Alveolates
  4. Heterokonts
  5. Euglenozoa
  6. Excavates
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24
Q

Fungi have cell walls made of

A

Chitin

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25
Q

Fungi branching forms…

A

mycelia

26
Q

Yeast produces asexually by ____ ad sexually by _____.

A

mitosis, meiosis

27
Q

What are the 4 fungi groups?

A
  1. Chytrids
  2. Zygomecetes
  3. Ascomycetes
  4. Basidiomycetes
28
Q

The Chytrids have a _____ reproductive form.

A

flagellated

29
Q

1n Zygomycetes are called

A

Sporangiospores

30
Q

2n Zygomecetes are called

A

Zygospores

31
Q

Give an example of Zygomycetes

A

Bread mold - Rhizopus

32
Q

Ascomycetes form _____ for reproduction.

A

Ascospores

33
Q

Examples of Ascomycetes

A
  1. Neurospora
  2. Penicillium
  3. Morels
34
Q

Basidiomycetes form a _____ for reproduction.

A

basidiospore

35
Q

Examples of basidiomycetes

A
  • mushrooms
  • Cryptococcus
36
Q

Algae have ______ for photosynthesis and ____ flagella.

A

chloroplasts, paired

37
Q

The algae cell wall is made of

A

glycoprotein or cellulose

38
Q

What removes excess water in algae?

A

Contractive vacuole

39
Q

What concentrated CO2 for fixation in algae?

A

Pyrenoid

40
Q

Green algae are known as

A

Chlorophyta

41
Q

Red algae is known as

A

Rhodophyta

42
Q

Agar is a ____ algae

A

red algae

43
Q

Brown algae is known as

A

Phaeophyceae

44
Q

Secondary endosymbionts are…

A

algae engulfed by a protist

45
Q

Secondary algae include

A
  • diatoms
  • brown algae
46
Q

Diatomes are known as

A

Bacillariophyta

47
Q

Ameobozoa use ____ to move.

A

pseudopods

48
Q

An example of ameobozoa is the

A

slime molds

49
Q

The shelled amoebas are known as

A

Cercozoa

50
Q

The two cercozoa are

A
  • radiolarians
  • foraminiferans
51
Q

Amoeba will shell made of calcium carbonate

A

Foraminiferans

52
Q

Amoebas with filament-shaped pseufopods

A

Radiolarians

53
Q

Alveolates contain _____ and ______.

A

alveola, microtubules

54
Q

The alveolates include (3)

A
  1. Ciliates
  2. Dinoflagellates
  3. Apicomplexans
55
Q

Alveolates with many cilia

A

Ciliates

56
Q

Alveolates with two long flagella

A

Dinoflagellates

57
Q

What causes red tides and what kind of protist is it?

A

Neurotoxins, dinoflagellates

58
Q

Apicomplaxans contain a _______ derived from chloroplast.

A

apicoplast

59
Q

Excavates lack _______

A

mitochondria

60
Q

An important parasite to know that is related to Euglenozoa are

A

Trypanosomes

61
Q

What molecules make up most microbial capsules?

A

Polysaccharides

62
Q

What sterol do fungi use in their membranes?

A

Ergosterol

Microbiology (10 decks)

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