Lecture 5 Flashcards
Eukaryotic cells have a _____ and ______.
nucleus, organelles
What is significant about the eukaryotic nucleus?
It has a double lipid bilayer
Eukaryotic DNA exists as …
chromatin
Genetic material for eukaryotes has ____ ____ ______ present.
multiple linear chomosomes
What is the name of the protein DNA is condensed on?
histones
The endoplasmic reticulum is a ohospholipid bilaer made of ______ __ and ______ ____.
Smooth ER, Rough ER
ER for lipid metabolism and detox reactions.
smooth er
ER where ribosomes docked and protein synthesis.
Rough ER
The total size of Eukaryote ribosomes is…
80S (40S and 60S)
What is the site of respiration?
Mitochondria
What is the site of photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What is the protein trafficking center?
Golgi body
What are the three parts of the cytoskeleton smallest to largest?
- Actin (red)
- intermediate filaments
- microtubules (green)
What are vacuoles?
lipid-enclosed space for storage
The eukaryote flagellum is used for _____ and moves in waves like an ____.
locomotion, oar
Eukaryotic flagellum have a ______ core.
microtubule
Some Eukaryotes have capsules made of …
polymeric sugars
Animals and fungi are part of the ___ clade.
opisthokonts
opisthokonts have a single ______.
flagellum
Viridiplantae clade includes…`
algae and plants
The vstigial nucleus that engulfed algae still maintaintheir DNA in.
Nucleomorph
Cryptophyte algae are _____.
protists
What are the clades of protists?
- Amoebozoa
- Cercozoa
- Alveolates
- Heterokonts
- Euglenozoa
- Excavates
Fungi have cell walls made of
Chitin
Fungi branching forms…
mycelia
Yeast produces asexually by ____ ad sexually by _____.
mitosis, meiosis
What are the 4 fungi groups?
- Chytrids
- Zygomecetes
- Ascomycetes
- Basidiomycetes
The Chytrids have a _____ reproductive form.
flagellated
1n Zygomycetes are called
Sporangiospores
2n Zygomecetes are called
Zygospores
Give an example of Zygomycetes
Bread mold - Rhizopus
Ascomycetes form _____ for reproduction.
Ascospores
Examples of Ascomycetes
- Neurospora
- Penicillium
- Morels
Basidiomycetes form a _____ for reproduction.
basidiospore
Examples of basidiomycetes
- mushrooms
- Cryptococcus
Algae have ______ for photosynthesis and ____ flagella.
chloroplasts, paired
The algae cell wall is made of
glycoprotein or cellulose
What removes excess water in algae?
Contractive vacuole
What concentrated CO2 for fixation in algae?
Pyrenoid
Green algae are known as
Chlorophyta
Red algae is known as
Rhodophyta
Agar is a ____ algae
red algae
Brown algae is known as
Phaeophyceae
Secondary endosymbionts are…
algae engulfed by a protist
Secondary algae include
- diatoms
- brown algae
Diatomes are known as
Bacillariophyta
Ameobozoa use ____ to move.
pseudopods
An example of ameobozoa is the
slime molds
The shelled amoebas are known as
Cercozoa
The two cercozoa are
- radiolarians
- foraminiferans
Amoeba will shell made of calcium carbonate
Foraminiferans
Amoebas with filament-shaped pseufopods
Radiolarians
Alveolates contain _____ and ______.
alveola, microtubules
The alveolates include (3)
- Ciliates
- Dinoflagellates
- Apicomplexans
Alveolates with many cilia
Ciliates
Alveolates with two long flagella
Dinoflagellates
What causes red tides and what kind of protist is it?
Neurotoxins, dinoflagellates
Apicomplaxans contain a _______ derived from chloroplast.
apicoplast
Excavates lack _______
mitochondria
An important parasite to know that is related to Euglenozoa are
Trypanosomes
What molecules make up most microbial capsules?
Polysaccharides
What sterol do fungi use in their membranes?
Ergosterol