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Microbiology > LEcture 6 > Flashcards

LEcture 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Viruses alwayas have a _____ and a protein coat called the _____.

A

genome, capsid

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2
Q

The most abundant microbe in the world are ____.

A

viruses

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3
Q

The size of viruses range from ___ to ____ ____.

A

20 to 200 nm

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4
Q

What are the 3 capsid variants?

A
  1. Icosahedral
  2. Filamentous
  3. Complex
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5
Q

Capsid with 20 triangular side, each triangle made of at least 3 identical capsid proteins.

A

Icosahedral capsid

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6
Q

Long tube of protein with genome inside capsid structure.

A

Fiamentous (helical) capsid`

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7
Q

Asymmetrical shape, mix of icosahedral and filamentous shapes capsid structure.

A

Complex structure

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8
Q

Some viruses have an _____, made of a phospholipid bilayer, to allow the virus to bind to host cells.

A

envelope

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9
Q

T/F: Viruses can have DNA and/or RNA

A

True

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10
Q

Group I virus example

A

poxvirus

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11
Q

Group I viruses have

A

dsDNA

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12
Q

Group II virus example

A

Parvovirus

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13
Q

Group II viruses have

A

ssDNA

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14
Q

Group III virus example

A

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease

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15
Q

Group III viruses have

A

dsRNA

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16
Q

Group IV virus example

A

Poliovirus

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17
Q

Group IV viruses have

A

+ssRNA

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18
Q

Group V virus example

A

Influenza

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19
Q

Gruop V viruses have

A

-ssRNA

20
Q

Group VI virus example

A

HIV

21
Q

Gruop VI viruses have

A

RNA retroviruses

22
Q

Group VII virus example

A

Hepatitus B

23
Q

Group VII viruses have

A

DNA pararetroviruses

24
Q

Bacteriophage life cycle

A
  1. Attach
  2. Inject
  3. Replicate
  4. Synthesize capsid proteins
  5. Assemple progeny phage
  6. Lyse cell wall to release progeny
25
Q

The ____-____ Experiment radioactively labeled ____ with 35S Methionine and radioactively labeled ____ with 32P Phosphate, infected E. coli, and found only 32P entered cells, not 35S.

A

Hershey-Chase, protein, DNA

26
Q

Cycle when phage quickly replicates

A

Lytic cycle

27
Q

Cycle when phage is dormant

A

Lysogenic

28
Q

Bacteriophages use cell components to ______ _____.

A

synthesize capside

29
Q

Bacteriophage progeny exit the host cell by ____ or, rearely, _____.

A

lysis, slow release

30
Q

Eukaryotic viruses ______ to a host cell receptor and enter the cell by endocytosis (_______).

A

attatch, viropexis

31
Q

DNA viruses must ______ to use host polymerase or replicate in cytoplasm withviral polymerase

A

go to cell nucleus

32
Q

RNA viruses must

A

encode a viral polymerase

33
Q

only ______ can be used at mRNA

A

+ssRNA

34
Q

All viruses make ______ with host ribosomes

A

proteins

35
Q

When viruses pass though the membrane, and the lipids surround the capsid to form an envelope.

A

Budding

36
Q

What are the three “stages” or culturing viruses?

A
  1. virus binds to host
  2. eclipse period
  3. rapid rise period
37
Q

What is occuring during the eclipse period of culturing viruses

A

The viruses make proteins, genomes, and are assembling

38
Q

A colony of viruses is called a ____.

A

Plaque

39
Q

Viruses present in all _______, often at very _____ _______.

A

environments, high densities

40
Q

What is Naked RNA called?

A

Viroid

41
Q

Virus particles that are just proteins are called

A

prions

42
Q

Example of prions

A

Creutzfeld-Jakob
Disease

43
Q

How do prionsPrion diseases are caused by the

A

misfolding of proteins

44
Q

What part of a virus consists of a protein shell?

A

Capsid

45
Q

Which of these is an example of a pathogen that is just nucleic acid?

A

Viroid

Microbiology (21 decks)

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