Lecture 3

Question 1

The three parts of Woese’s Tree

Answer 1

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

Question 2

Bacteria and Archaea are _____.

Answer 2

prokaryotes

Question 3

Pathogenic gram-positive bacteria.

Answer 3

• staphylococcus
• streptococcus
• listeria

Question 4

Lactobacillales key genera

Answer 4

Lactobacillus, streptococcus

Question 5

Nonsporulating Bacillales and Clostridiales key genera

Answer 5

-listeria
- staphylococcus

Question 6

What distinguishes staphylococcus and streptococcus?

Answer 6

Staphylococcus is catalase-positive

Question 7

Staphylococcus is _____ to drying.

Answer 7

tolerant

Question 8

Sporulating Bacillales and Clostridiales key genera.

Answer 8

Bacillus, clostridium

Question 9

Clostridium forms the toxins …

Answer 9

• tetanus
• botox
• gangrene

Question 10

Bacillus forms the toxins …

Answer 10

Anthrat, Bt

Question 11

Clostridium smell bad because …

Answer 11

They are anerobic, and ferment sugars in the absense of oxygen.

Question 12

Some clostridium are pathogenic, causing…

Answer 12

• botulism
• tetanus
• gangrene

Question 13

Tenericutes key genera

Answer 13

Mycoplasma

Question 14

Mycoplasmas lack ______.

Answer 14

Peptodiglycan

Question 15

Actinobacteria key genera

Answer 15

Corynebacterium

Question 16

Actinobacteria are mostly harmless with the exception of ____.

Answer 16

mycobacterium

Question 17

Gram-positive Actinobacteria have ____-____ cell walls

Answer 17

Acid-fast

Question 18

Actinobacteria aerial mycelia carry _________.

Answer 18

anthrospores

Question 19

Streptomyces is a gram-_____ ___________.

Answer 19

Gram-positive Actinobacteria

Question 20

What is the largest group of culture forming bacteria?

Answer 20

Gram-negative proteobacteria

Question 21

Phizobium, Agrobacterium, and Rickettsias are all ___ proteobacteria

Answer 21

alpha

Question 22

Nitrosomonas and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are ___ proteobacteria

Answer 22

beta

Question 23

What beta proteobacteria is used in wastewater treatment?

Answer 23

Nitrosomonas

Question 24

Escherichia coli are ____ ____ proteobacteria.

Answer 24

Enteric Gamma

Question 25

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a gram-_____ bacteria and is ______.

Answer 25

negative, diplococcus.

Question 26

Myxococcus xanthus and Bdellovibro bacterioborus are _____ proteobacteria

Answer 26

delta

Question 27

Helicobacter pylori is a(n) ____ proteobacteria and causes _____.

Answer 27

Epsilon, stomach ulcers

Question 28

Bacteroidetes and Chlorobi are _____ _____ and include bacteroides and _______.

Answer 28

obligate anaerobes, chlorobium

Question 29

Chlamydiae have two cell forms. One is an obligate intracellular parasite with a larger _____ ____ and the other is small ______ _____ that survive outside of host cells.

Answer 29

reticulate body, elementary bodies

Question 30

Planctomycetes include _____ which contain ____.

Answer 30

Verrucomicrobia, tubulin

Question 31

What group of bacteria are oxygenic phototrophs?

Answer 31

Cyanobacteria

Question 32

The subcellular structures of cyanobacteria are …

Answer 32

• Thylakoids (site of photosynthesis)
• Carboxysomes (lipid bodies)

Question 33

What group of bacteria can form akinetes and what is an akinete?

Answer 33

Cyanobacteria: not an endospore, but a dried out cell that can be used to spread to other ponds when their home pond dries out

Question 34

The deep-branching thermophile _____ has many _____ which contain chlorophyll.

Answer 34

Chloroflexi, chlorosomes

Question 35

______ ____ is modeled for life at high temps and is source of _____ _____ _____ for PCR.

Answer 35

Thermus aquaticus, Taq DNA polymerase

Question 36

What bacteria is very radiation resistant?

Answer 36

Deinococcus radiodurans

Question 37

What group of bacteria are the low G+C gram positives?

Answer 37

Firmicutes

Question 38

Which bacterium is used to produce sauerkraut?

Answer 38

Leuconostoc

Question 39

Which group of proteobacteria are most genetically similar to our mitochondria?

Answer 39

alpha