Lecture 5: Arthrology, Tendons, & Ligaments of the Thoracic & Pelvic Distal Limb (Exam 1) Flashcards
Define the distal limb
The portion of the limb extending from the carpus or tarsus down
Where is the carpal joint located
Between the radius & the metacarpal bones
What kind of capsule surrounds the entire carpus
Fibrous capsule
What type of capsules separate the different joints w/in the carpus
Synovial capsules
Describe the radiocarpal joint
- Btw/ the radius & proximal carpal row
- Joint is independent
- has a large range of motion but primarily flexion & extension
- Hinge joint
Describe the medicarpal joint
- Connects the proximal & distal rows of the carpal bone
- Shares a synovial joint capsule w/ the intercarpal & carpometacarpal joint
- Hinge joint
Describe the carpometacarpal joint
Joint that connects the distal row of carpal bones to the metacarpal bones (Plane joint)
Describe intercarpal joints
- A plain synovial joint w/ limited movement
- In btw/ the individual carpal joints in the same row
- Plane joint
Label the following
- A = Radiocarpal joint
- B = Fibrous carpal joint
- C = Medicarpal joint
- D = Carpometacarpal joint
- E = Intercarpal joint
Where are joint injections commonly performed
In the radiocarpal & midcarpal joints
Describe the metacarpophalangeal joint
- Compound hinge joint
- Small dorsal recess & large palmar recess
- Great range of movement
- Has colateral ligament
- Fetlock
Describe the proximal interphalangeal joint
- Saddle joint
- Colateral ligaments
- Pastern
Describe the distal interphalangeal joint
- Saddle joint
- Coffin
- Colateral ligaments
Label the following:
- A = Metacarpophalangeal joint (fetlock)
- B = Proximal interphalangeal joint (Pastern)
- C = Distal interphalangeal joint (coffin)
What is indicated by the black star
Small dorsal recess & large palmar recess
Label the following:
What is the OINA of the superficial digital flexor
- O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus & radius (Proximal accessory ligament)
- I: Flexor surfaces of proximal & middle phalanges
- N: Ulnar n.
- A: Flex the digit (proximal interphalangeal joint) & carpus; extend the elbow joint
What is the OINA of the deep digital flexor
- O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head; distal accessory ligament), olecranon (ulnar head), & radius (radial head)
- I: Flexor surface of the distal phalanx
- N: Median & ulnar n
- A: Flex the digit & carpus; extend the elbow joint
What is the name of the green muscle & the red muscle
- Green = superficial digital flexor
- Red = Deep digital flexor
Label the ligaments & tendons
Label the scrutums
Label the following:
What ligament is an important part of the stay apparatus
Interosseous ligament or suspensory ligament
Label the parts of the medius inerosseous
Label distal sesamoid ligaments
What are the sesamoid ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal & distal interphalangeal joints
- Intersesamoidean
- Collateral sesamoid ligaments (later & medial)
- Short sesamoid ligaments
- Impair sesamoid ligament
Label the digit deep ligaments
Label the following
Label the annular ligaments (retinacula)
What are the differences btw/ the distal pelvic limb than the distal thoracic limb
- Proximal accessory (check) ligament is absent that function is supplied by the insertion of the tendon in the calcanean tuber
- Distal accessory (check) ligament is thinner & sometimes absent
- SDF tendon attaches to the calcanean tuber & then continues distally w/ similar insertion in the digit
- DDF tendon slides over the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus
Label the ultrasound
