Lecture 15: Accessory Digestive Organs, Topography, & Blood Supply (Exam 2) Flashcards
Fill out the chart on the topography of the listed organs:
Do equine have a gallbladder
NO
Fill out the chart
What is a difference of the liver in equine
It does NOT extend to the abdominal floor like in dogs
Label the following
Label the following:
Label the following:
Label the following:
What is the yellow arrow pointing to
Epiploic foramen (opening into the omental bursa
What is the epiploic foramen opening into
The omental bursa
What is the epiploic foramen bounded by? What can become entrapped @ the epiploic foramen
- Dorsally - caudal vena cava & caudate lobe of the liver
- Ventrally - Hepatic portal vein & pancreas
- The small intestine (the ileum or the ileum + jejunum
Label the following
Label the following (1,2,6’, 6”, 9, & 10):
- 1: Spleen
- 2: Fundus of stomach
- 6’: Cranial duodenal flexure duodenum
- 6”: Descending duodenum
- 9: Body of the pancreas
- 10: Hepatic portal vein
Where is the pancreas found
- Largely to the right of the median plain
- Pressed against the dorsal wall of the abdomen
Describe how the parts of the pancreas connect to the rest of the GI organs
- The body extends into the cranial duodenal flexure
- Right lobe contacts to the descending duodenum
- Left lobe extends toward the left kidney, contacts spleen, & fundus of the stomach
- Forms a ring (anulus) around the hepatic portal vein
- Ventral surface is directly bound to the right dorsal colon & cecal base, the dorsal surface to the right kidney & liver
Where is the bulk of the liver found
Located to the right of the median plane
What rib/IC space is the point of the elbow aligned w/
4th rib/IC space
What can be used to the determine the location of the 6th rib/ICS
Caudal edge of the triceps brachii m.
Where is a liver biopsy performed
- On the right side of the horse
- Btw/ the 12th & 14th ICS
What structures will the liver biopsy needle pass through
- skin
- Intercostal m
- Costal pleura
- pleural cavity
- Diaphragmatic pleura
- Diaphragm
- Peritoneal cavity
- Liver
What other organs can be punctured if a liver biopsy is not placed right
- Lung
- Duodenum
- Kidney
When does a biopsy need to be repeated
If it contains intestinal contents
Label the following
- 2: Stomach
- 3: liver
- 4: Spleen
Describe the spleen found in equine
- Under cover of the ribs (caudal most corner can be found in the flank)
- Parietal surface lies against the internal aspect of the diaphragm
- Sickle-shaped
How does the greater curvature of the stomach connect to the spleen in equine
By the gastrosplenic ligament
Label the following Parts of the spleen
What ligament extends from the left kidney to the spleen
Nephrosplenic lig.
Label the yellow star (caudal view)
Nephrosplenic lig
Why is the nephrosplenic lig important
- Can be a sight of entrapment
- Large colon can become entrapped
Label the following
- A: celiac artery
- B: Cranial mesenteric artery
- C: Caudal mesenteric artery
What arteries supply the unpaired organs in the horse
- Celiac a.
- Cranial mesenteric a.
- Caudal mesenteric a.
What artery supplies the cranial abdominal organs
Celiac a
What artery supplies the distal portion of the descending duodenum through the proximal part of the descending colon
Cranial mesenteric artery
What artery supplies the distal (aboral) part of the descending colon & proximal (oral) part of the rectum
Caudal mesenteric artery
Label the following:
What are the branches of the caudal mesenteric a
What are the branches of the cranial mesenteric a & what do they supply
What are the branches of the celiac a & what do they supply
Label the following:
Label the following dog mesenteric arteries for review
What is a difference of the blood supply in the GI tract of equine (compared to dogs)
- The right colic & middle colic arteries usually come from a common trunk
- Ileocolic a. is “on its own” doesn’t come from the same trunk as the right & middle colic
Label the following
Label the following
Label the following
Slide 37
Describe rectal palpation of the abdomen
- Only palpable part is the caudal part of spleen
- Use the root of the mesentery @ the level of the 1st lumbar vertebra as a reference point
- Structures cranial to the root of the mesentery are out of reach
- Structures caudal to the root of the mesentery are w/in reach
- Impt to understand that palpable structures will always vary w/ the size of the animal & the length of the vets arm
