Lecture 4: Yeasts Flashcards

1
Q

Microsporum spp. or trichophyton spp.

A

microsporum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

microsporum are __shaped macroconidium. __walled and rough

A

spindle shaped, thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Trichophyton spp or microsporum spp

A

trichophyton spp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

trichophyton spp are __shaped macroconidium and __walled

A

cigar shaped, thin walled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Image of T. Verrucosum, shows chain __-

A

chlamydospores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are some clinical signs of dermatophytes

A

focal/multifocal alopecia with scaling, inflammatory “ring”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a clinical sign of dermatophytes in Persian cats

A

pseudomycetomas- firm ulcerative nodules in deep dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What wrong

A

dermatophyte infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Persian cat with dermatophyte infection- what is this lesion

A

pseudomycetoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how are dermatophytes transmitted

A

direct contact, environmental contamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dermatophyte infections have a ___mediated response and result in transient ___

A

cell mediated response, transient immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dermatophyte infections are __infections if immune system is operational

A

self limiting infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what can be easily used in clinics to dx dermatophytes

A

woods lamp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

woods lamp has __% sensitivity and __% specificity

A

<50%, 90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what culture can you use to dx dermatophytes and how does it work

A

DTM: sabaroud dextrose with cycloheximide and phenol red

Add plucked hairs, skin scraping or biopsy

Dermatophytes produce alkaline metabolites when they grow and react with phenol red to produce red coloration on culture plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T or F: DTM culture is not 100% specific for dermatophytes

17
Q

what is the tx for dermatophytes

A

topical miconazole/ enilconazole

18
Q

t or F: systemic antifungals are risky for tx of dermatophytes

19
Q

what is environmental life cycle of cryptococcus gatti

A

birds and their habits, in bird droppings, soil, mulch, foliage

20
Q

what are some clinical signs cats show with C, gatti

A

nasal swelling

21
Q

what is a clinical sign shown by dogs with C. Gatti

22
Q

what is a clinical sign shown by horses with C. Gatti

A

respiratory

23
Q

how do you dx C. Gatti

A

cytology/histology

24
Q

what is tx for C. Gatti

A

longterm antifungals: azoles, amphotericin B

25
what is prognosis for C. Gatti infection if patient has neurological signs
poor
26
how could you quickly dx case of C. Gatti in your practice
microscopic examination of exudate with diff-quick or India ink staining
27
malasseizia pachydermatitis causes what in dogs
canine seborrheic dermatitis and otitis externa
28
what are some virulence factors of malasseiza pachydermaitis
1. Lipases- trigger seborrhea 2. Zymogens: activate complement 3. Biofilm formation- protect from antifungals
29
how do you dx malassezia pachydermatitis
impression smears, cytology (~40x)
30
what is tx for malasseiza pachydermatitis
1. Focus on underlying cause 2. Topical chlorhexadine, diluted vinegar 3. Systemic- azoles
31
Candida albicans causes what type of diseases
GI and mucosal diseases
32
what does Candida albicans cause in dogs/cats
mycotic stomatitis, enteritis
33
what does Candida albicans cause in livestock
enteritis, rumenitis
34
what does Candida albicans cause in poultry
thrush, cloacal infections
35
what virulence factors are associated with Candida albicans
1. Surface integrin like molecules- adhesion 2. Fibrinogen and complement binding factors
36
how do you dx Candida albicans
culture-Sab. Dextrose
37
what is tx for Candida albicans
1. Focus on underlying cause 2. Systemic azoles
38
what are some predisposing conditions for canine otitis externa
aural microclimate, diet, metabolic/endocrine, breed, immune disorder
39
what are some common organisms isolated from canine otitis externa
malasseiza, pseudomonas, otodectes, staph