Lecture 4: Yeasts Flashcards
Microsporum spp. or trichophyton spp.
microsporum
microsporum are __shaped macroconidium. __walled and rough
spindle shaped, thick
Trichophyton spp or microsporum spp
trichophyton spp
trichophyton spp are __shaped macroconidium and __walled
cigar shaped, thin walled
Image of T. Verrucosum, shows chain __-
chlamydospores
what are some clinical signs of dermatophytes
focal/multifocal alopecia with scaling, inflammatory “ring”
what is a clinical sign of dermatophytes in Persian cats
pseudomycetomas- firm ulcerative nodules in deep dermis
What wrong
dermatophyte infection
Persian cat with dermatophyte infection- what is this lesion
pseudomycetoma
how are dermatophytes transmitted
direct contact, environmental contamination
dermatophyte infections have a ___mediated response and result in transient ___
cell mediated response, transient immunity
dermatophyte infections are __infections if immune system is operational
self limiting infections
what can be easily used in clinics to dx dermatophytes
woods lamp
woods lamp has __% sensitivity and __% specificity
<50%, 90%
what culture can you use to dx dermatophytes and how does it work
DTM: sabaroud dextrose with cycloheximide and phenol red
Add plucked hairs, skin scraping or biopsy
Dermatophytes produce alkaline metabolites when they grow and react with phenol red to produce red coloration on culture plate
T or F: DTM culture is not 100% specific for dermatophytes
true
what is the tx for dermatophytes
topical miconazole/ enilconazole
t or F: systemic antifungals are risky for tx of dermatophytes
true
what is environmental life cycle of cryptococcus gatti
birds and their habits, in bird droppings, soil, mulch, foliage
what are some clinical signs cats show with C, gatti
nasal swelling
what is a clinical sign shown by dogs with C. Gatti
CNS
what is a clinical sign shown by horses with C. Gatti
respiratory
how do you dx C. Gatti
cytology/histology
what is tx for C. Gatti
longterm antifungals: azoles, amphotericin B
what is prognosis for C. Gatti infection if patient has neurological signs
poor
how could you quickly dx case of C. Gatti in your practice
microscopic examination of exudate with diff-quick or India ink staining
malasseizia pachydermatitis causes what in dogs
canine seborrheic dermatitis and otitis externa
what are some virulence factors of malasseiza pachydermaitis
- Lipases- trigger seborrhea
- Zymogens: activate complement
- Biofilm formation- protect from antifungals
how do you dx malassezia pachydermatitis
impression smears, cytology (~40x)
what is tx for malasseiza pachydermatitis
- Focus on underlying cause
- Topical chlorhexadine, diluted vinegar
- Systemic- azoles
Candida albicans causes what type of diseases
GI and mucosal diseases
what does Candida albicans cause in dogs/cats
mycotic stomatitis, enteritis
what does Candida albicans cause in livestock
enteritis, rumenitis
what does Candida albicans cause in poultry
thrush, cloacal infections
what virulence factors are associated with Candida albicans
- Surface integrin like molecules- adhesion
- Fibrinogen and complement binding factors
how do you dx Candida albicans
culture-Sab. Dextrose
what is tx for Candida albicans
- Focus on underlying cause
- Systemic azoles
what are some predisposing conditions for canine otitis externa
aural microclimate, diet, metabolic/endocrine, breed, immune disorder
what are some common organisms isolated from canine otitis externa
malasseiza, pseudomonas, otodectes, staph
