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Microbiology 2 > Lecture 14: paramyxoviruses > Flashcards

Lecture 14: paramyxoviruses Flashcards

1
Q

Where does canine distemper virus replicate

A

cytoplasm

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2
Q

is canine distemper virus segmented or non-segmented

A

non-segmented, no reassortment

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3
Q

what important proteins are encoded in canine distemper virus

A

H or H/N

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4
Q

what species are infected in canidae CDV

A

dogs

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5
Q

what species are infected in procyonidae CDV

A

racoons

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6
Q

what species are infected in felidae CDV

A

large cats

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7
Q

what species are infected in ursidae CDV

A

bears

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8
Q

what species are infected in mustillidae CDV

A

ferrets

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9
Q

Lions in Serengeti were infected with CDV what was the major sign shown

A

grand mal seizures

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10
Q

what is pathogenesis of paramyxoviruses

A
  1. Viral penetration of respiratory epithelium
  2. Early replication in epithelial macrophages
  3. Migration to draining LN
  4. 1 viremia- lymphatic replication- fever and lymphopenia (3-6d)
  5. 2 viremia disseminates virus from LN to various epithelial tissues- GI, UT, respiratory (8-10d)
  6. CNS penetration (1-3wks) post systemic signs
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11
Q

when are animals able to be tested via FA for CDV

A

first 7-10 days

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12
Q

what are animals with CDV positive with antibodies on serology

A

10-25 days

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13
Q

T of f: up to 75% of infections with CDV are subclinical

A

true

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14
Q

what are some clinical signs of CDV

A
  1. Upper respiratory- mucopurulent d/c, dry/productive cough
  2. Lower respiratory- CXR show interstitial lung pattern, alveolar with 2 bronchopneumonia
  3. CNS- seizures or UMN/GP signs
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15
Q

how does CDV affect fetus/neonates

A

depends on stage of infection but can result in abortion, stillbirth or weak pups

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16
Q

what are some signs in puppy’s who were infected with CDV

A
  1. Enamel hypoplasia
  2. Cardiomyopathy
  3. Classic CDV- increased likelihood of CNS disease
17
Q

what is histo sign of CDV

A

cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies (eosinophilic)

18
Q

how is CDV transmitted

A
  1. Aerosol via bodily fluids (even subclinical animals)
  2. Fecal-oral
  3. Fomites
19
Q

how can you dx CDV and what difference between tests

A
  1. Blood sear- cheap but low sensitivity
  2. FA- fast, cheap, good sensitivity
  3. RT-PCR- most sensitive, expensive
  4. CSF serology
20
Q

how do you tx CDV

A

supportive care

21
Q

what is prognosis for neurological signs from CDV

A

not typically reversible- euthanasia or anti-CNS edema doses of dexamethasone

22
Q

what are some other notable paramyxoviruses

A
  1. Rinderpest, Peste des Petits ruminants
  2. Hendra/Nipah viruses
  3. Newcastle disease

All FAD

23
Q

what viruses are included in bovine respiratory disease complex and which are paramyxoviruses

A
  1. BVDV
  2. IBR/BHV1
  3. Parainfluenza virus (paramyxovirus)
  4. Respiratory syncytial virus (paramyxovirus)
24
Q

What facilitates transmission of bovine parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial viruses

A

environmental conditions, stress

25
what cells do bovine parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus target
ciliated epithelial cells
26
what is function of ciliated epithelium and what are consequences when lost
clear stuff out of URT, so damaged get secondary bacterial infections
27
what does this show
syncytial formation in type 2 pneumocytes Characteristic of bovine respiratory syncytial virus
28
what are some signs of Newcastle disease virus
1. Acute respiratory disease 2. CNS signs 3. Diarrhea
29
what are the 3 virulent groups of Newcastle disease and which are exotic
1. Virulent- velogenic (exotic) 2. Moderately virulent- mesogenic 3. Low virulence- lentogenic
30
what are some important molecular attributes that differentiate orthomyxoviruses from paramyxoviruses
Orthomyxoviruses are segmented -ssRNA, receptor is HA, replicates in nucleus, and has inclusion bodies in nucleus Paramyxoviruses is linear ssRNA, receptors are HA/N, replicates in cytoplasm and has cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusion bodies
31
how do differences between Orthomyxoviruses and paramyxovirus affect direct microscopic and viral evolution
effect localization of inclusion bodies and orthomyxoviruses can due rapid reassortment due to segmented ssRNA

Microbiology 2 (27 decks)

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