Lecture #32 - Renal intro Flashcards
What is the role of the urinary system?
-“Maintain ____ and ____ balance in body by expelling what 4 things”?
In order to achieve this, how much blood flows through kidneys per minute?
What other roles does kidney have? (2)
-
To be effective, the urinary system needs:
- ____ system for blood
- Selective _____ system
- Filtrate ____ mechanism
- System to ____ recovered, filtered fluid to body.
- System to remove ____ from body
- P____ (both external and internal because waste is waste)
- Ability to _____ with relevant parts of the body
- _____ to meet the body’s changing needs
So the blood vessels around the nephron reabsorb stuff
-
Main components of the urinary system (5)
-
The structure of the kidneys allows:
- Blood to be brought into close proximity with the ____, for _____
- A pathway for urine to be removed from the ____ and stored and then excreted
- P______ (internally and externally)
-
- Which kidney is lower and why?
- Between what vertebrates do the kidneys sit?
- What side does the convex face face?
- The medial surface has a ____ notch called the _____ and what 4 things go in/out of this?
- Also, what ribs help protect the kidneys? (at least the top parts of the kidneys?)
-
The Kidneys:
- Located on the _____ abdomen wall and covered on the ____ side by _____
- Therefore the kidneys are ____
- Surrounded, supported and protected by ___ (what’s the name of it?)
0
Gross structure of kidney:
- Three regions: what are they?
- What covers the whole kidney? (thick fibrous layer for p_____)
- Inner medulla:
- divided into what?
- each medullary pyramid ends in a ____ - Outer cortex:
- c____ layer
- renal _____ (separate the pyramids and its an extension of the cortex tissue) - Cortex and medulla:
- multiple functional ____
- how many lobes per kidney?
-
Kidney lobe:
- What does it include? (2)
- Why is the renal medulla part of the lobe striated?
-
Gross structure of renal still:
- Describe the journey of the urine draining from papilla to…….all the way to ureter
- How many minor calyces form a major calyx?
-
Is the ureter in the peritoneal cavity or is it retroperitoneal?
-
What three things form the external protection for kidney?
- 11th and 12th ribs
- Renal fat pad
- Fibrous capsule
Blood supply to kidney:
- ____ arteries arise from the abdominal _____
- They divide into ___ _____ arteries upon entering the _____
- These branch to form _____ arteries (head towards lobes)
- Running up between the lobes are the ____ arteries
- ____ arteries arch over the medullary pyramids
- ____ arteries penetrate the cortex
- ____ leave the kidney via a similar pathway and then go to the ____ vena cava
-
What happens to the blood in the cortex?
- There are two types of capillaries in the cortex - what are they?
- What do each of them do? Like, their description>
-
What is the blood supply into the cortex like? (3)
What is the blood supply away from cortex and why is it weird? Where do the peritubular capillaries lead to?
Why have arterioles?
-
Nerve supply to the renal system
- Innervation is from a network of ____ nerves and ganglia called the ____ ____
- The renal plexus is supplied by the _____ nerve fibres from the ____ and other nerves
- Sympathetic nerves act to adjust ____ od renal arterioles and thus regulate blood _____ (and also control…..)
0
