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Anatomy: Viscera and Visceral Systems > Lecture 30 DA > Flashcards

Lecture 30 DA Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the roof of the mouth?

A

The palatine process of the maxilla.

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2
Q

What is the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

Roof of the mouth.

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3
Q

What hangs off the palatine process posteriorly?

A

The soft palate

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4
Q

Where do the lesser palatine nerve run?

A

Runs posteriorly

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5
Q

What does the greater palatine nerve supply?

A

The mucosa and gingiva.

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6
Q

Where is the orbicularis oris?

A

Surrounds the mouth, and looks like hulk hogan’s handlebar moustache.

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7
Q

Where is the buccinator?

A

Posterior to the orbicularis oris, and is the cheek muscle.

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8
Q

Where is the masseter?

A

Posterior to the buccinator, and attaches from the lower posterior corner of the mandible (angle of the mandible) to the zygomatic bone.

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9
Q

Where is the temporalis muscle?

A

Superior to the masseter, and attaches from the coronoid process of the mandible to the temporal bone superiorly.

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10
Q

Where is the coronoid process of the mandible found?

A

Superior to the angle of the mandible, and inferior to the zygoma.

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11
Q

What enters the incisor foramen?

A

The greater and lesser palatine arteries enter to supply the inferior quadrant of the nasal cavity.

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12
Q

Is the mandible bone deficient inferiorly?

A

Yes.

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13
Q

What bridges the mandible inferiorly?

A

Myohyoid muscle.

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14
Q

What overlays the myohyoid muscle at the midline?

A

Geniohyoid muscle.

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15
Q

What two nerves can be found along the two lateral projections of the mandible?

A

The inferior alveolar nerve and the lingual branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.

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16
Q

Where does the hyoid bone sit?

A

Between the crease of the head and neck.

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17
Q

What is the oral vestibule?

A

The cavity between the buccinator mucle and the teeth on either side of the mouth.

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18
Q

What is the foramen caecum?

A

A depression in the sulcus terminalis.

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19
Q

Which direction does the apex of the foramen caecum face?

A

Posteriorly.

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20
Q

What is the foramen caecum a remnant of, and how is it formed?

A

Thyroglossal duct. Thyroid develops here and migrates down, dragging a duct with it. Obliterates after birth.

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21
Q

Between which arches are the tonsils found, and which arch is more anterior?

A

In the palatine region, there are two arches, palatoglossal (anterior) and palatopharyngeal (posterior), with the tonsils in between.

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22
Q

What is the sulcus terminalis?

A

A V shaped groove, seperating the tongue into a posterior 1/3rd and anterior 2/3rds.

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23
Q

What structure can be found just anterior to the sulcus terminalis?

A

Valate papillae.

24
Q

What are foliate papillae?

A

They are ridge-like structures found lateral to the valate papillae.

25
Q

What small papillae covers the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

A

Fungiform papillae, which is more dense towards the apex of the tongue.

26
Q

What tonsil can be found posterior to the sulcus terminalis?

A

Lingual tonsil.

27
Q

Where can tastebuds be found?

A

They are embedded within the walls of the papillae.

28
Q

Which papillae has no tastebuds and is found all over the tongue? What is its function?

A

Filliform papillae. They give grip to the tongue.

Cats have an especially hairy tongue to act as a comb.

29
Q

Where is the palatoglossus muscle found, and what are its attachments?

A

It is found posteriorly on either side of the tongue, and attaches from the palate to the tongue.

30
Q

Where is the styloglossus muscle found, and what are its attachments?

A

It is posterior to the palatoglossus, and attaches from the styloid process to the tongue.

31
Q

Where is the genioglossus muscle found, and what are its attachments?

A

Found inferior to the tongue, and attaches from the tongue to the mandible anteriorly.

32
Q

Where is the hyoglossus muscle found, and what are its attachments?

A

Posterior to the genioglossus muscle, attaching from the tongue to the hyoid.

33
Q

What are the 4 extrinsic tongue muscles and what nerves innervate them?

A

Palatoglossus
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
All aside from palatoglossus are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve, XII.
Palatoglossus is innervated by the vagus nerve, X.

34
Q

Where do intrinsic muscles attach and what is their function?

A

They attach entirely within the tongue and change the shape of the tongue.

35
Q

What is the superior-most intrinsic tongue muscle?

A

Superior longitutinal muscle.

36
Q

What is the inferior-most intrinsic tongue muscle?

A

Inferior longitudinal muscle.

37
Q

What two intrinsic tongue muscles can be found between the superior and inferior longitudinal muscles?

A

Transverse and vertical muscles.

38
Q

What nerve innervates all the intrinsic tongue muscles?

A

Hypoglossal nerve XII.

39
Q

What nerve innervates the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve IX.

40
Q

What nerves innervate the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue for taste and visceral sensory?

A

Taste from the chordae tympani, branch of the facial nerve.

General sensory from the lingual branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.

41
Q

What are the four kinds of teeth, and how many of each are there on one side of the mandible/jaw?

A

Incisors - 2
Canine - 1
Premolars - 2
Molars - 3

42
Q

What are the teeth of the maxilla and mandible each innervated by?

A

Maxilla teeth are innervated by the superior alveolar nerve of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve.
Mandibular teeth are innervated by the inferior alveolar nerve of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.

43
Q

Describe the internal structure of teeth.

A

They have a crown of enamel superficially, and a core of pulp within.
A layer of dentin can be found in between the two.

44
Q

What is denti?n

A

Small tubules that transmit fliud, temperature and mechanical energy to the nerve within.

45
Q

Where do nerves of the teeth project to?

A

To the pulp.

46
Q

What is the age of eruption for adult teeth? Why is this significant?

A

Begins at 7 years old, and ends around 25. Allows one to forensically estimate age.

47
Q

In which sequence do teeth erupt? Which teeth can be out of sequence?

A

Anterior to posterior. Canines and the first molar can be out of sequence.

48
Q

What is the third molar usually called?

A

Wisdom tooth.

49
Q

Why is wisdom tooth erupting sometimes an ordeal?

A

By the time they begin to erupt, the mandible and maxilla have stopped growing, and if there is no room for them, they can erupt sideways.

50
Q

What are the three salivary glands?

A

Parotid, sublingual and submandibular.

51
Q

Where can the parotid gland be found, and where does it open to?

A

Found anterior to the external acoustic meatus, and opens to the 2nd premolar, at the anterior border of the masseter muscle when the teeth are clenched.

52
Q

Where can the sublingual gland be found, and where does it open to?

A

It is found beneath the tongue and opens via 8-20 ducts to the floor of the mouth. They are called ducts of rivinus.

53
Q

Where can the submandibular gland be found, and where does it open to?

A

Found inferior to the sublingual gland. Drains into a papilla found on the underside of the tongue, just lateral to the lingual frenulum.

54
Q

What can be said about the space underneath the tongue concerning drugs?

A

It is good for the absorption of drugs.

55
Q

Where is the lingual frenulum?

A

It is found at the midline, on the underside of the tongue.

Anatomy: Viscera and Visceral Systems (61 decks)

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