Lecture 30 Flashcards
What is transitional epithelium?
Stratified rounded cells that flatten when stretched. Good for protection.
Where is the Ureter located?
Arsise from each renal pelvis at each hilum.
Descend retroperitoneally through abdomen, vertically from hila.
Structure of the Ureter/
Slender tube that carry urine from the kidney to bladder
What form of motility carries the urine through the ureter to the bladder?
Peristaltic waves.
What are the layers of the ureter?
Transitional epithelium
Muscularis - Inner longitudinal and outer circular
Adventitia - outer covering of fibrous connective tissue
What structures are on the inner surface of the ureter?
Folded protective protein plaque.
How many ureters do we have?
2
Where do the Ureters run?
Obliquely through the wall of the bladder at it’s posterior/lateral corners.
What prevents backflow in the ureters?
The ureters act as sphincter: t
What is the bladder?
A collapsible muscular sac that stores and expels urine.
Features of the bladder?
When empty the bladder collapses along folds (rugae).
When full the bladder expands without great increase in pressure.
Function of the bladder wall>?
Contains muscle or the expulsion of urine.
What is the Trienge? -
triangular region between 2 openings of entry of ureters and 1 opening for urethra
How does the bladder change as it fills compared to when it’s empty?
Becomes more spherical and extends superiorly into abdominal cavity.
Location of bladder in males?
Anterior to rectum and superior to prostate gland.
Location of Female Bladder?
Anterior to the vagina and uterus
Structure of the Urinary bladder wall?
Folded into rugae for expansion.
Mucosa of transitional epithelium.
Thick smooth muscle layer call the detrasour.
How does the epithelium change in the urethra?
Transitional near bladder - columnar - stratified squamous near external opening.
What is the urethra?
A thin walled muscular tube that Drains urine from the bladder out of the body. .
What is the role of muscular glands in the urethra?
Protect epithelium from urine.
How is the male urethra different from the female urethra?
Maes in longer, part of reproductive system, contains three regions; prostatic, membranous, and penile.
What is the internal urethral sphincter?
Junction between bladder and urethra, is a destaur muscle under involuntary control.
What is the external urethral sphincter?
Located where urethra passes through the urogenital diaphragm, is skeletal muscle under voluntary control.
Process of urination?
Bladder fills and expands, AP stimulated from stretch receptors and sent to brain, urgency increases as signals increase. Internal sphincter releases, followed by conscious relaxation of external sphincter.
