Lecture 23 Flashcards
what does the large intestine consist of?
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
What structures can the colon be divided into?
Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid `
What aspects of the colon are retroperitoneal?
Ascending and descending clon
What aspects of the colon are intraperitoneal?
transverse and sigmoid colon
What is the role of the Ileocecal valve?
Regulates the passage of material into the cecum
Role of the appendix?
Reserve of large intestine bacteria population
What causes appendicitis?
Inflammation
What does the Barium enema do?
enables x-ray image to be taken of large intestine to assess function
Wha are Teniae Coli?
Modification of muscularis layer - Bands of longitudinal smooth muscle
What are haustra?
Series of pouches in the wall of the colon
What are omental appendices>
Sacs of fat
Purpose of Teniae Coli?
Allow for stronger contraction
Are there villi in the LI?
No
How is the mucosa modified in the LI?
Invaginated to form intestinal glands.
What is the main function of the large intestine?
Water and salt absorption
What epithelia are found prior to anal columns?
Simple columnar
What epithelia are found in the anal canal?
Stratified squamous
Internal Anal sphincter?
Smooth muscle under involuntary control
External anal sphincter?
Skeletal muscle under voluntary control
What stimulates stretch receptors?
Movement of feaces into rectum
What are the main features of the Large intestine?
- Mucosa invaginated into glands.
- Significant number f mucous secreting glands.
- lack of villi.
- Longitudinal muscle layer in 3 bands (teniae coli)
Location of the liver?
Superior right quadrant of abdominopelvic cavity
Function of the liver?
Produce bile – stored in the gall bladder
Diaphragm
Blood supply to the liver?
25% of cardiac output.
one third from hepatic artery and
Remainder comes from hepatic portal vein.
What structures travel in the lesser omentum?
Hepatic portal vein, artery and bile duct.
What is the structure of the liver?
Functional units called lobules.
Rows of Hepatocytes produce bile.
liver sinusoids between rows, bile canaliculi between cells.
What is a portal triad?
Branch of hepatic artery
branch of hepatic portal vein
A bile duct
Where does blood flow in the liver?
Towards central vein
where does bile travel in the liver?
Bile secreted into canaliculi, travels to bile duct
Role of hepatocytes?
Cells in the liver that play pivotal roles in metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis
Venous drainage from the liver?
Central veins drain into hepatic vein which drains into inferior vena cava
Where does Bile travel to from the liver?
gal bladder where it is stored and concentrated
Where does the bile duct join the pancreatic duct?
hepatopancreatic ampulla
