Lecture 28

Question 1

What is the role of the urinary system?

Answer 1

To maintain a balance of water and solutes in the body.

Question 2

How does the urinary system maintain balance?

Answer 2

By filtering the blood and expelling.

Question 3

What is urine?

Answer 3

A waste product excreted to maintain balance in the body.

Question 4

What is urine good for?

Answer 4

Diagnosis of disease.`

Question 5

what does the urinary stem need to be effective?

Answer 5

Delivery system for blood
Selective filtration system
Filtrate recovery mechanism
System to return, recovered, filtered fluid to the body.
System to remove filtrate from body
Protection
Ability to communicate with relevant parts of the body
Adaptable to meet the body’s changing needs

Question 6

What are the main components of the urinary system?

Answer 6

2 Kidneys
2 Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra

Question 7

What does the structure of the kidney allow?

Answer 7

Blood to be bought into close proximity with the nephron for filtering.
Blood that has been filtered to leave the kidney.
A pathway for urine to be removed from the kidney, stored then excreted.
Protection

Question 8

Where are the kidneys located?

Answer 8

Between T12-L3 Vertebrae
11th-12th ribs
Convex side faces laterally
Medial surface has a concave notch called the hilum
Located on posterior
abdominal wall, covered on anterior side by
peritoneum
Surrounded, supported and protected by fa

Question 9

Gross Structure of the kidney(s)?

Answer 9

Cortex, medulla and Pelvis.

Fibrous capsule.

Question 10

Structure of inner medulla?

Answer 10

Divided into pyramids, each ending in a papilla.

Question 11

Structure of outer cortex?

Answer 11

Continuous layer

Renal columns

Question 12

What do the cortex and medulla have in common?

Answer 12

Multiple functional lobes

Question 13

Structure of a kidney lobe?

Answer 13

One Medullary pyramid and all the cortex that surrounds it including renal columns. Made Up largely of nephrons

Question 14

What are nephrons?

Answer 14

Tiny tubes that filter from blood and create urine.

Question 15

Gross structure of lobe?

Answer 15

Urine drains from each papilla and collects in a calyx (minor or major). CalycesHilum narrows as it exits the hilum to become the ureter. join to form renal pelvis.

Question 16

How is urine produced?

Answer 16

By filtering blood into the nephron.

Question 17

Where does filtration occur?

Answer 17

In the cortex of the kidney

Question 18

Where is the renal artery?

Answer 18

Arises from the abdominal aorta

Question 19

Where do veins transp[ort the blood to?

Answer 19

Veins return filtered blood
from the cortex to the renal
vein, then to the IVC

Question 20

Where does the afferent arterioles deliver blood to?

Answer 20

the glomerulus

Question 21

What is the glomerulus?

Answer 21

The glomerulus is made of glomerular capillaries and

is where filtration occurs

Question 22

Where does the efferent arteriole carry blood?

Answer 22

The efferent arteriole carries blood from the

glomerulus to the peritubular capillaries

Question 23

Where do the glomerulus capillaries carry blood?

Answer 23

The peritubular capillaries carry blood to the veins

Question 24

Describe the pathway of blood into the cortex yo be filtered?

Answer 24

Abdominal aorta
renal artery
Series of arteries
afferent arteriole
glomerular capillary

Question 25

Describe the pathway of blood away from the cortex after being filtered?

Answer 25

Glomerular capillary
efferent arteriole
peritubular capillaries
series of veins
àenal vein
 inferior vena cava

Question 26

What is the Renal plexux?

Answer 26

a network o

Question 27

What do sympathetic nerves do?

Answer 27

Sympathetic nerves act to adjust diameter
of renal arterioles and thus regulate blood
flow.