Lecture 3:Psychological Characteristics of Elite Performance Flashcards
What is the definition of an elite performer?
Athletes eligible for competition at a national, international or Olympic level or are professional
Name some mental techniques.
Imagery Goal Setting Self-Talk Relaxation Routines
Name some mental skills.
Arousal regulation
Maintenance of self-confidence
Anxiety control
Maintenance of attentional focus
Name some mental qualities.
Confidence Motivation Arousal Concentration Attentional Focus
What are the characteristics of successful performance? (Williams and Krane)
Self regulation of arousal Better concentration High self-confidence Determination Preoccupation with sport
What did Macnamara et al. identify as development factors leading to becoming an elite athlete?
Imagery Competitiveness Self-Belief Coping with pressure Commitment to Excellence Appreciating what is required Physical Attributes
What factors did Macnamara et al. identify as reasons for staying as an elite athlete?
Coping with the pressure of being number 1
Realistic expectations
Stepping out of the comfort zone
Hunger for success
What did Macnamara et al. identify as the the four ways to cope with pressure?
Adaptability
Ability to prioritise
Ability to regulate arousal
Planning skills
What are the most commonly used mental techniques by elite athletes?
Goal Setting Imagery Pre-competitive Planning Competitive Plans Arousal Management Thought Control Coping Strategies
Who are the influencers on elite performers? (Gould et al.)
Family Sports Personnel Community Non-Sports Personnel Individual Sport Process
What are direct and indirect influences on performers?
Direct: taught by teachers/coaches
Indirect: self-discovered; natural learning experiences
According to Durand-Bush and Salmela, what are the most effective ways in which coaches and parents can be involved?
Parents: No pressure/ de-emphasis of winning
Coaches: celebrate small improvements/ keep practice interesting/ challenge athletes
