Lecture 13: Perfectionism Flashcards
What is the perfectionism paradox?
Defining feature of performance or negative personality disposition
Define perfectionism.
Personality disposition where anything short of perfect is unacceptable
Multidimensional
What are the 4 key characteristics of perfectionism?
Flawlessness
High standards
Over-critical
Over-sensitive
Describe the Frost-MPS.
Personal qualities
Personal standards
Organisation
Doubts over actions
Concern over mistakes
Interpersonal qualities
Parental criticism
Parental expectations
What is the defining feature of the Frost-MPS?
Concern over mistakes
Name 5 negative side-effects of high concern over mistakes.
Increased: burnout, ego orientation, state anxiety
Decreased: task orientation, confidence, self-esteem
Describe the Hewitt & Flett MPS.
Self-orientated perfectionism: demanding perfection from oneself
Other-orientated perfectionism: demanding perfection from others
Socially-prescribed perfectionism: others demanding perfectionism from you
Using the Hewitt & Flett MPS, what was discovered about the relationship between perfectionism and burnout?
Self-orientated perfectionism made youth footballers more vulnerable to burnout, while socially-prescribed perfectionism was debilitating
Describe the combined conceptualisations MPS.
Evaluative concerns:
Concern over mistakes Doubt over actions Parental expectations Parental criticism Socially-prescribed perfectionism
Positive striving:
Organisation
Personal standards
Other-orientated perfectionism
Self-orientated perfectionism
What did Frost et al. discover about the existence of negative and positive forms of perfectionism?
Found that they do exist
Name some characteristics of evaluative concern and positive striving perfectionism.
Evaluative concern - Positive striving:
Fear of failure - Aiming for success
Procrastination
Anxiety - Relaxed but aware
Overly critical - Renewed effort following failure
Avoiding errors - Focused on doing the right thing
Inflexible standards - Flexible standards
Describe the tripartite model.
Low PS + low EC = non-perfectionism
Low PS + high EC = non-perfectionism
High PS + low EC = healthy perfectionism
High PS + high EC = unhealthy perfectionism
Describe the 2*2 model.
Low PS + low EC = non-perfectionism
Low PS + high EC = pure evaluative concerns perfectionism
High PS + low EC = pure persona standards perfectionism
High PS + high EC = mixed profile of perfectionism
How did dancers with pure personal standards perfectionism differ to dancers with pure evaluative concerns perfectionism, in Cumming and Duda’s research?
Pure evaluative had…
Increased physique anxiety Increased negative affect Increased physical symptoms Increased emotional & physical exhaustion Decreased positive affect
How did dancers with pure personal standards perfectionism differ to dancers with mixed profile of perfectionism?
Mixed profiles had…
Increased physique anxiety
Increased negative affect
Increased physical symptoms
Increased emotional and physical exhaustion
