Lecture 28 Flashcards
Models of Motor Development
Shirley (1933) produced a picture of gross motor development as a sequence of milestones, what does it show
how a baby moves from being born, to being able to walk
what was the motor development measure in the precursor period (1787-1928) and what did it focus on
- single child biographies
- focus on product development
what was the motor development measure in the maturational period (1928 - 1946) and what did it focus on
- studies involved multiple children
- rate and order of development questioned in these studies
who were the significant researchers in the normative / descriptive period (1946-1970) and what is different about the idea of motor development
- motor development now separated from cognitive development
- significant researchers were Physical Educators
in the normative / descriptive period (1946-1970) what was found about process and product of development
started to look at how the processes of development were different to the products of development
when was the most rapid growth in knowledge about development
1970s onwards
in the process orientated period (1970 - present) what was the shift of information from the processing approach to
shift to the dynamical systems approach
what was started to be suggested in the process orientated period (1970 - present) about it is not just growing bigger and older that allows us to perform certain tasks, there is an interaction …
there is an interaction between the organism, environment and task that allows us to perform the task
what are the three key terms of motor development
- growth
- hereditary
- maturation
what is hereditary in motor development
qualities fixed at birth guided by genetic structure that account for individual traits
what is maturation in motor development
refers to timeline of development of organ systems, physical structures and motor capabilities
what are affordances in motor development
opportunities for action in the environment
what are self organisation properties in motor development
the ability the perceptual motor system has to self select patterns of action (attractors)
what is adaptation in motor development
persons response to environmental stimuli
what is readiness in motor development
combination of maturation and experience
what is perceptual motor recalibration
as our limbs grow, we get bigger and weigh more this changes the inertial load and causes us to recalibrate the way we more in order to readjust to heavier limbs
what segment grows the most from birth to maturity
legs
what happens to our centre of mass as our legs get longer
centre of mass becomes higher
how does development progress (in which directions)
cephalocaudal and proximodistal directions
what is cephalocaudal development progression
head to feet
what is proximodistal development progression
inside out
what is the critical period for grasping behaviour in babies
4-8 months
what is the sensitive period where babies are most sensitive to alcohol
during the first trimester of pregnancy the infant is very sensitive to alcohol
abilities both … and …, or may develop atypically
abilities both progress and regress, or may develop atypically
how many periods are there of lifespan development
5
how many phases are in the developmental continuum
7
during infancy (0-2 years) there development is what orientated
survival orientated
what is the stage of development through childhood
explore physical and social environments
what is the relation between age and coordination
non linear
after the age of 30 what happens to our coordination
coordination seems to decrease
do boys or girls tend to do object manipulation tasks better
boys tend to do them better
how many accelerated learning periods do endurance and strength have
Aerobic endurance and strength only have one accelerated learning period
