Lecture 25

Question 1

attention is critical for effective what

Answer 1

effective decision making, motor performance and learning

Question 2

when engaging learners, attentional capacity is what

Answer 2

attentional capacity is not limitless

Question 3

attention is selected either …. or ….

Answer 3

either intentionally or incidentally

Question 4

the focus of attention is ….. or ….. and ….. or ….

Answer 4

the focus of attention is wide or narrow and internal or external

Question 5

in single channel filter theories of attentional capacity tasks are accomplished in what order

Answer 5

tasks are accomplished in serial order

Question 6

in single channel filter theories of attentional capacity, the system can process how many tasks at a time and what is meant by this

Answer 6

the system can process only one task at a time

• provided with 3 tasks, but one is filtered through the system

Question 7

what is selective attention and what is this due to

Answer 7

we filter out less relevant information to prioritise the most relevant

this is due to limited attentional capacity

Question 8

what are the multiple resource theories in selective attention

Answer 8

several attention mechanisms, each with limited capacity

Question 9

in the multiple resource theories if a task requires a common mechanism they will be ……

Answer 9

if a task requires a common mechanism they will be difficult to perform simultaneously

Question 10

what are the three characteristics of expert gaze behaviour

Answer 10

• efficient visual speech
• extended visual span
• selective attention

Question 11

what is efficient visual search in expert gaze behaviour

Answer 11

attention is guided to target item immediately, making the rest of the scene irrelevant

Question 12

what is extended visual span in expert gaze behaviour

Answer 12

pre attentive processing of the scene before selective attention is directed to specific locations

Question 13

what is selective attention in expert gaze behaviour

Answer 13

attention is guided by the information stored in long term memory (repeated exposure because of experience

Question 14

what are the four attentional styles that emerge in the focus of attention

Answer 14

• narrow internal
• broad internal
• narrow external
• broad external

Question 15

there is less benefit of external focus in what types of tasks

Answer 15

simple tasks

Question 16

what is inattentional bias

Answer 16

due to selective attention, it is easy to miss information in perceptual tasks with cognitive demands

Question 17

what is an emotion (what is arises from and is often accompanied by)

Answer 17

a mental state that arises spontaneously rather through conscious effort

and is often accompanied by physiological changes

Question 18

what is the inconvenient truth of emotions and how they have traditionally be viewed as

Answer 18

traditionally, emotions have generally been viewed as irrational, negative and detrimental constraints on behaviour

Question 19

in movement science research methods what is the mechanistic method based on

Answer 19

humans are compared to machines

• individual differences downplayed

Question 20

in movement science research methods what is the reductionist method based on

Answer 20

naturally integrated processes (perception and action) separated

• emotions are too complex to account for or control

Question 21

what type of external focus is best

Answer 21

external focus is better should it be narrow

Question 22

example of narrow internal focus with a sprinter taking off

Answer 22

“extend your hips as explosively as you can”

Question 23

example of narrow external focus with a sprinter taking off

Answer 23

“drive the ground back as explosively as you can”

Question 24

example of broad internal focus with a sprinter taking off

Answer 24

“drive your leg back as explosively as you can”

Question 25

example of broad external focus with a sprinter taking off

Answer 25

“drive towards the finish as explosively as you can”