Lecture 18

Question 1

who was the person that produced the memory drum idea

Answer 1

Henry and Rodgers, 1960

Question 2

who was the person that produced the “motor program” idea

Answer 2

Keele, 1968

Question 3

what is the idea of the motor program and what does it suggest

Answer 3

suggests that the brain is like some sort of super computer and that the motor programs are sitting there waiting for us to use

Question 4

what are the 5 stages to information processing demands of movement

Answer 4

• input
• perception
• decision making
• execution
• feedback

Question 5

what theory did Schmidt provide

Answer 5

schema theory

Question 6

what became clear about the motor programming model when the information processing model was released

Answer 6

it soon became apparent that motor programs for each skill was unlikely

Question 7

what does GMP mean

Answer 7

generalised motor programs

Question 8

what are the invariant features of generalised motor programs

Answer 8

• sequence of actions
• relative timing
• relative force

Question 9

what are the parameters of generalised motor programs

Answer 9

• muscle selection
• overall duration
• overall force

Question 10

what has more recent neurophysiological research shown about the brain

Answer 10

research linked different brain areas to specific functions

Question 11

what is the main characteristic of the cognitive approach models (about the brain and how thats linked to the body)

Answer 11

top down

• body is controlled by the brain

Question 12

actions are determined by what factors

Answer 12

both internal (goals, prior experiences and capabilities) and external (what is available in the environment)

Question 13

what approach uses direct perception

Answer 13

ecological approach

Question 14

a study by Kelso (1981, 1984) on in phase and antiphase finger movements linking to ecological dynamics suggested what about movement patterns

Answer 14

movement patterns aren’t always what our brains want us to do, sometimes they are spontaneous

Question 15

using bench press as an example what is meant by attractor in dynamic systems jargon

Answer 15

bench pressing with good form

Question 16

using bench press as an example what is meant by control parameter in dynamic systems jargon

Answer 16

increasing the amount of weight used in bench press

Question 17

using bench press as an example what is meant by rate limiter in dynamic systems jargon

Answer 17

increasing the weight beyond that capability of the exerciser

Question 18

using bench press as an example what is meant by phase shift in dynamic systems jargon

Answer 18

change in the correct form caused by too much weight used in the bench press

Question 19

how is the constraint model different to the hierarchal model

Answer 19

• not just top down approach
• self organises from organismic, task and environmental constraints interacting together

Question 20

what is the main feature of the ecological dynamics approach

Answer 20

bottom up

Question 21

in the ecological dynamics approach it is said that coordination emerges from what

Answer 21

many interacting constraints