Lecture 25: peritoneum and mesenteries Flashcards

1
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

Below diaphragm, surrounded by abdominal wall and pelvic floor. Enclosed in peritoneum

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2
Q

Components of peritoneum

A

Parietal and Visceral peritoneum

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3
Q

Serous fluid

A

Between visceral peritoneum, allows frictionless movement of the organs against each other

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4
Q

Mesentary

A

Double sheet of connective tissue attaching the organs to the abdominal wall

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5
Q

mesogastrium

A

Mesentary connecting to the stomach

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6
Q

mesos root

A

Latin for middle

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7
Q

enteron latin root

A

guts, intestine

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8
Q

gaster latin root

A

belly

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9
Q

hepar

A

means liver in latin

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10
Q

lien

A

means spleen in latin

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11
Q

How do the liver, stomach, pancreas and spleen move during embryological rotation?

A

The liver and stomach rotate to right, the spleen and pancreas to the left.

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12
Q

How many layers to greater omentum?

A

Six-where the transverse mesocolon attaches
Four - in the gastrocolic portion, because a double layer folded in on itself
Two- in gastrophrenic/gastrolienal portions

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13
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

secondary mesentaries that are not active in suspending the gut

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14
Q

Purpose of greater omentum

A

Bind against the stomach, stop infections from spreading, then a site for fat storage

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15
Q

falciform latin

A

sickle shaped

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16
Q

teres latin

A

round

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17
Q

phrenic latin

A

diaphragm

18
Q

connection between the greater and lesser sac

A

epiploic/omental foramen, sits under the hepaduodenal ligament

19
Q

Components of lesser omentum

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments

20
Q

Components of greater omentum

A

Gastrolienal, gastrocolic, gastrophrenic

21
Q

Contained within the hepatoduodenal ligament

A

Common bile duct, portal vein, hepatic artery

22
Q

ventral mesentary

A

Present embryologically, gives rise to ventral mesogastrium which is attached to liver : hepatoduodenal ligament, hepatogastric ligament, triangular ligaments, coronary ligaments, falciform ligaments

23
Q

dorsal mesentary

A

Present embryologically, gives rise to dorsal mesogastrium, “the mesentary”, mesentaries of large intestine

24
Q

Dorsal mesogastrium

A

Made of:
greater omentum: gastrophrenic, gastrolienal, gastrocolic
Adult transverse mesocolon (anterior lamina/side)
Lienorenal or phrenicolienal

25
Q

“the mesentary”

A

of the small intestine

26
Q

mesentaries of large intestine

A

adult transverse mesocolon (posterior lamina/side)
sigmoid mesocolon
mesoappendix

27
Q

How do the intestines rotate embryologically

A

First grow straight, then herniate into umbilical cord, then rotate within umbilical cord space (which creates the small intestine crossing over the transverse colon), and then squishes back into abdominal space (this creates the waves in the small intestine)

28
Q

greater sac vs. lesser sac

A

greater sac = peritoneal sac
lesser sac = omental bursa. The lesser omentum makes up a wall of the lesser sac. The same does not hold for the greater omentum

29
Q

ligament

A

A gut suspender that is not a mesentary

30
Q

Suspensary ligament of duodenum

A

Two muscles. One (smooth) suspends from duodenum, the other (striated) attaches to diaphragm.

31
Q

phrenicocolic ligament

A

spleen rests on it, closely associated to dorsal mesogastrium

32
Q

broad ligament of uterus

A

mesometrium –> uterus
mesosalpinx –> uterine tubes
mesovarium –> ovaries

33
Q

metro

A

uterus

34
Q

salpinx

A

trumpet

35
Q

infundibulopelvic or suspensory ligament of ovary

A

Contains vessels, but not the round ligament of ovary

36
Q

tunica vaginalis comminus

A

peritoneal folding on testes

37
Q

vesicouterine pouch

A

Sits between uterus and the bladder, site where infections can develop in female.

38
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

Sits between uterus and the rectum, site where infections can develop in female.

39
Q

recto vesicle pouch

A

Sits between rectum and bladder –> infections.

Male

40
Q

Paracolic gutters

A

Sit to either side of ascending and descending colon.

41
Q

Paramesenteric gutters

A

between small intestines and the colon

42
Q

Infrahepatic or hepatorenal pouch

A

Most dorsal when bed-ridden. Communicates through omental bursa