Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FA1 Bacteriology > Lecture 18 11/9/23 > Flashcards

Lecture 18 11/9/23 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general characteristics of Chlamydia spp.?

A

-obligate intracellular
-parasites of epithelial cells
-susceptible to tetracycline
-dimorphic life cycle
-energy parasites/consume host ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which Chlamydia spp. is known for causing zoonotic infections?

A

C. psittaci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which Chlamydia spp. cause disease in humans?

A

-C. trachomatis (human chlamydiosis
-C. pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two life cycle stages of Chlamydia spp.?

A

-intracellular replicating form
-extracellular non-replicating form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the characteristics of elementary bodies?

A

-infectious stage of Chlamydia spp.
-can survive outside the host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the characteristics of C. psittaci?

A

-causes avian chlamydiosis
-BSL-3 pathogen
-zoonotic
-reportable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the pathogenesis of C. psittaci?

A

-elementary bodies shed in carriers’ feces
-replicate in epithelial and phagocytic cells after inhalation
-cause septicemic, multi-organ infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which lesions are associated with C. psittaci?

A

basophilic intracytoplasmic bacterial inclusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are Chlamydia spp. diagnosed?

A

-microscopic detection
-culture in embryonated eggs, tissue, or animals
-serology
-PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How are Chlamydia sp. treated?

A

tetracycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How are Chlamydia sp. controlled?

A

isolation and quarantine procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What disease manifestations are caused by Chlamydia abortus in ruminants?

A

-placentitis
-abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What disease manifestations are caused by Chlamydia pecorum?

A

-polyarthritis in lambs and calves
-sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis in young cattle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the characteristics of Chlamydia felis?

A

-causes feline pneumonitis
-common signs are conjunctivitis and rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the characteristics of Coxiella burnetii?

A

-causes Q fever
-obligate intracellular
-causes subclinical infection, abortion, and placentitis
-highly persistent in environment
-has resistant endospore-like form
-highly zoonotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is Coxiella burnetii diagnosed?

A

-serology
-direct demonstration
-culture in cell lines
-PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which antimicrobials can be used to treat C. burnetii?

A

-tetracycline
-fluoroquinolones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can C. burnetii be controlled and prevented?

A

-hygiene
-education
-early diagnosis
-vaccination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which order Rickettsiales members are pathogens of dogs and cats?

A

-Ehrlichia canis
-E. chaffeensis
-E. ewingii
-Anaplasma phagocytophilum
-A. platys
-Neorickettsia helmintoeca
-N. risticii
-Rickettsia rickettsii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the characteristics of Rickettsia?

A

-arthropod-transmitted
-parasites of blood cells or endothelial cells
-gram-neg. coccobacilli
-cause persistent infections
-obligate intracellular
-rodents/small mammals are reservoirs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the two groups of Rickettsia?

A

-typhus group
-spotted fever group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which spotted fever group Rickettsia spp. is of most importance?

A

R. rickettsii

23
Q

What are the characteristics of Rickettsia rickettsii infection?

A

-causes rocky mountain spotted fever
-organism invades and replicates in endothelial cells of smaller blood vessels
-causes progressive necrotizing vasculitis

24
Q

What are the characteristics of Rickettsia felis?

A

-emerging infection in humans
-transmitted by cat fleas
-causes flea-borne spotted fever

25
Q

How can Rickettsia spp. be diagnosed?

A

-direct detection
-PCR
-serology

26
Q

Which antibiotics can be used against Rickettsia sp.?

A

-tetracycline
-doxycycline
-chloramphenicol
-enrofloxacin

27
Q

What are the characteristics of Piscirickettsia salmonis?

A

-causes piscirickettsiosis in farmed fish
-antibiotic treatment commonly fails
-vaccines available

28
Q

What are the general characteristics of Anaplasmataceae?

A

-parasites of hematopoetic cells of vertebrates
-transmitted by invertebrate hosts and vectors
-can be zoonotic

29
Q

Which genuses of Anaplasmataceae are of importance?

A

-Anaplasma
-Ehrlichia
-Neorickettsia

30
Q

What are the characteristics of Anaplasma phagocytophilum?

A

-transmitted by Ixodes ticks
-causes canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis
-found in host neutrophils

31
Q

What clinical sign of A. phagocytophilum is seen in dogs?

A

necrotizing small vessel vasculitis

32
Q

What clinical signs of A. phagocytophilum is seen in horses?

A

-limb edema
-icterus
-ataxia

33
Q

How is A. phagocytophilum diagnosed?

A

-direct staining/demonstration
-PCR
-SNAP test

34
Q

Which antimicrobial can be used to treat A. phagocytophilum?

A

tetracycline

35
Q

What are the characteristics of Anaplasma platys?

A

-causes infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia
-infects platelets
-often asymptomatic

36
Q

How is A. platys diagnosed?

A

-direct detection
-FA
-PCR

37
Q

How is A. platys treated?

A

doxycycline

38
Q

What are the characteristics of Anaplasma marginale?

A

-causes anaplasmosis in ruminants
-infects erythrocytes
-causes icterus/jaundice
-calves are more resistant than adults

39
Q

How can A. marginale be diagnosed?

A

-direct stain
-FA
-PCR
-ELISA
-serology

40
Q

How is A. marginale treated?

A

tetracycline

41
Q

What are the characteristics of Ehrlichia canis?

A

-causes canine monocytic ehrlichiosis
-infects monocytes and forms morulae
-transmitted by R. sanguineus (brown dog tick)
-acute and chronic phases
-can cause pancytopenia in severe forms

42
Q

How is E. canis diagnosed?

A

-IFA
-snap test
-PCR

43
Q

Which antimicrobial is used to treat E. canis?

A

doxycycline

44
Q

Which Ehrlichia species are spread by A. americanum ticks, and what diseases do they cause?

A

-E. ewingii: granulocytic ehrlichiosis
-E. chaffeensis: human monocytic ehrlichiosis

45
Q

What are the characteristics of Ehrlichia ruminantium?

A

-causes heart water disease
-foreign and reportable
-bacteria replicates in macrophages and endothelial cells
-vectored by ticks

46
Q

How is E. ruminantium diagnosed?

A

demonstration of colonies in the cytoplasm of capillary endothelial cells

47
Q

Which antimicrobial can be used to treat E. ruminantium?

A

tetracycline

48
Q

What are the characteristics of Neorickettsia risticii?

A

-causes potomac horse fever/equine monocytic ehrlichiosis
-infects enterocytes and monocytes
-leads to hemorrhagic enterocolitis

49
Q

How is N. risticii diagnosed?

A

-based on clinical signs
-PCR
-direct detection

50
Q

How is N. risticii treated and prevented?

A

-early diagnosis
-tetracycline
-vaccination

51
Q

What are the characteristics of Neorickettsia helminthoeca?

A

-causes salmon poisoning in dogs
-dogs eat tissue infected with flukes
-infects monocytes and macrophages
-causes lesions in intestines associated with the lymphoid tissues

52
Q

How is N. helminthoeca diagnosed?

A

-detection of fluke eggs
-PCR

53
Q

How is N. helminthoeca treated?

A

-tetracycline
-praziquantel

FA1 Bacteriology (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions