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FA1 Bacteriology > Lecture 15 10/26/23 > Flashcards

Lecture 15 10/26/23 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of Moraxella bovis?

A

-causes infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis
-can lead to corneal ulceration, edema, and permanent blindness

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2
Q

How is Moraxella bovis diagnosed?

A

-culture
-PCR

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3
Q

How is Moraxella bovis treated?

A

-isolation
-antimicrobials
-supportive therapy
-anti-inflammatories

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4
Q

How is Moraxella bovis controlled?

A

-control of predisposing factors
-bacterin vaccination

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5
Q

What are the general characteristics of Brucella sp.?

A

-public health significance
-infection through ingestion, inhalation, direct contact, or venereal transmission
-can survive outside of host for months
-causes abortion and febrile, chronic granulomatous disease

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6
Q

What are the virulence factors/properties of Brucella sp.?

A

-facultative intracellular
-enhanced growth in repro. organs of sexually mature hosts

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of Brucella abortus?

A

-geographic disease
-causes abortion, embryonic death, epididymitis, orchitis, and bursitis
-young animals resistant
-infected adults remain infected for life
-cellular immunity protects against disease but does not clear infection

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of Brucella abortus treatment and control?

A

-reportable
-treatment not practical
-live strain vaccine available
-federal test-and-slaughter program in place

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Brucella abortus in horses?

A

-rare
-poll evil-septic arthritis of atlantoccipital jnt
-fistulous whithers/supraspinous bursitis

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10
Q

What does Brucella suis cause in feral swine and hunting dogs?

A

severe orchitis

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of Brucella canis?

A

-transmitted during breeding
-can remain bacteremic for years
-testicular swelling and epididymitis
-infertility and abnormal sperm count
-late term abortions
-uveitis and diskospondylitis

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12
Q

How is Brucella canis diagnosed?

A

-blood culture (gold standard)
-serology tests

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of Brucella canis treatment and control?

A

-several weeks of antibiotic therapy
-spay/neuter can reduce transmission
-prostate and testicle chronically infected
-test and eliminate is only proven control

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14
Q

What disease is caused by Brucella sp. in humans?

A

undulant fever/Bang’s disease

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15
Q

Which Brucella species is NOT known to cause disease in humans?

A

Brucella ovis

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Francisella tularensis?

A

-causes tularemia
-facultative intracellular
-transmitted through ingestion, inhalation, insect bites, contact, and lab exposure
-biowarfare agent

17
Q

Why are cats involved in tularemia transmission?

A

-become infected when hunting and eating prey
-can transmit infection to humans

18
Q

How is F. tularensis diagnosed?

A

-culture (special requirements)
-PCR
-serology

19
Q

How is F. tularensis treated?

A

-aminoglycosides
-fluoroquinolones
-doxycycline

20
Q

How is F. tularensis controlled?

A

-vector control
-live vx for at risk individuals

21
Q

Which Francisella sp. are pathogens in fish?

A

-F. noatunensis
-F. orientalis

22
Q

What are the characteristics of Bartonella henselae?

A

-causes cat scratch disease
-vector transmitted
-infects cats and causes bacteremia
-diagnosed through PCR of blood
-treatment is ineffective
-controlled through hygiene, vector control, and education efforts

23
Q

What are the characteristics of Taylorella equigenitalis?

A

-causes contagious equine metritis
-sexually transmitted
-reportable
-temporary infertility in mares
-males do not get disease but are long term carriers

24
Q

How is T. equigenitalis diagnosed?

A

-culture
-PCR

25
Q

How is T. equigenitalis treated?

A

topical antimicrobials and antiseptics

26
Q

How is T. equigenitalis controlled?

A

-negative culture on imported animals
-testing of breeding stallions

27
Q

What are the characteristics of Pseudomonas?

A

-opportunistic
-produce cell surface and extracellular products
-resistant to many disinfectants
-can grow in cleaning/antiseptic solutions
-widespread antimicrobial resistance

28
Q

What are the characteristics of Burkholderia mallei?

A

-causes glanders in horses
-BSL 3 agent
-foreign disease

29
Q

What are the characteristics of B. mallei diagnosis?

A

-mallein test
-injected by eye drop; eye swelling is pos. indicator

30
Q

What are the characteristics of B. mallei treatment and control?

A

-no vx or treatment
-zoonotic
-animals must be isolated and euthanized

31
Q

What are the characteristics of Burkholderia pseudomallei?

A

-facultative intracellular
-causes melioidosis
-acquired from polluted environmental sources
-emerging in marine mammals

32
Q

What are the characteristics of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale?

A

-causes ornithobacteriosis
-seen in chicken flocks

FA1 Bacteriology (21 decks)

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