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FA1 Bacteriology > Lecture 14 10/24/23 > Flashcards

Lecture 14 10/24/23 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general characteristics of Pasteurella multocida?

A

-several serotypes based on capsular antigens
-extracellular
-causes suppurative/purulent infections
-main virulence factor is Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT)

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of P. multocida in cattle?

A

-type B2 and E2
-hemorrhagic septicemia
-not seen in US
-high morbidity/mortality
-resp. distress and edematous swelling
-fibrinous bronchopneumonia
-part of bovine resp. disease complex

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of P. multocida in birds?

A

-causes fowl cholera
-high morbidity and mortality
-mature birds more susceptible

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of P. multocida in pigs?

A

-causes atrophic rhinitis
-nasal turbinate atrophy and facial deformity
-in conjunction with B. bronchiseptica

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4
Q

How do B. bronchiseptica and P. multocida work together to cause atrophic rhinitis?

A

-dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) of B. bronchiseptica inhibits osteoblast differentiation
-PMT of P. multocida increases osteoclast activity and reduces osteoblast activity

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5
Q

What disease can P. multocida cause in young pigs?

A

piglet pneumonia

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of P. multocida in rabbits?

A

-type A
-resp. tract infections

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7
Q

How is P. multocida diagnosed?

A

-culture
-PCR
-serology

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8
Q

Which antimicrobials are used to treat P. multocida?

A

-tetracyclines
-sulfonamides
-penicillin
-tiamulin
-enrofloxacin

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9
Q

What is important about treating P. multocida infections in food animals?

A

must used approved antibiotics and follow appropriate withdrawal times

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10
Q

How can P. multocida be prevented?

A

-proper management
-vaccines for pigs and cattle

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of P. multocida-infected animal bites?

A

-can lead to abscess, septicemia, pneumonia, and endocarditis
-treat with penicillin
-do not wait for AST

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12
Q

What are the characteristic of Mannheimia haemolytica?

A

-most frequent bacterial agent associated with bovine resp. disease complex
-major virulence factor is leukotoxin

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13
Q

What does leukotoxin do?

A

form pores in white blood cells

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14
Q

What is the disease of importance caused by M. haemolytica?

A

bacterial pneumonia

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15
Q

How is M. haemolytica diagnosed?

A

-aerobic culture
-necropsy and histopath.

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16
Q

How is M. haemolytica treated?

A

-antimicrobials
-limited options for food animals

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17
Q

How is M. hemolytica controlled?

A

-proper management
-vaccines
-potential for metaphylaxis

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18
Q

Which species can be infected by Biberstenia trehalosi?

A

sheep and goats

19
Q

What disease is caused by Riemerella anatipestifer?

A

new duck disease; septicemia and severe polyserositis

20
Q

What are the general characteristics of Haemophilus and Histophilus species?

A

-commensals of mucosa
-fastidious

21
Q

What are the characteristics of H. parasuis?

A

-commensal in pigs
-spreads from sows to piglets
-causes Glasser’s disease
-polyserositis, polysynovitis, and meningitis

22
Q

How is H. parasuis diagnosed?

A

-necropsy and histopath.
-culture
-PCR

23
Q

How is H. parasuis treated?

A

-ceftiofur
-pleuromutins
-macrolides

24
Q

How is H. parasuis prevented?

A

-vaccination
-controlled exposure

25
Q

What is unique about H. parasuis immunity?

A

it is serotype specific

26
Q

What disease is caused by H. somni?

A

thromboembolic meningoencephalitis in cattle

27
Q

What is the pathognomonic sign of thromboembolic meningoencephalitis?

A

-multiple areas of hemorrhage and necrosis in the brain
-thrombi formation in blood vessels (leukocytes, fibrin, and bacteria)

28
Q

How is H. somni diagnosed?

A

-necropsy and histopath.
-culture

29
Q

How is H. somni prevented?

A

-metaphylaxis using ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, and florfenicol
-bacterin vaccination

30
Q

What are the characteristics of Avibacterium paragallinarum?

A

-causes infectious/fowl coryza
-increased susceptibility with age
-swelling around eyes, oculonasal discharge, swollen wattles, and diarrhea are signs

31
Q

What are the characteristics of Actinobacillus lignieresii?

A

-causes wooden tongue in ruminants
-masses in tongue and pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis
-affects soft tissue

32
Q

What are the characteristics of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A

-highly infectious in swine
-associated with other bacterial/viral infections
-young pigs
-acute necrohemorrhagic pleuropneumonia
-can have chronic presentation

33
Q

What are the characteristics of Actinobacillus equuli?

A

-sleepy foal disease
-septicemic neonatal disease
-purulent arthritis and nephritis

34
Q

What does Actinobacillus seminis cause?

A

epididymitis in rams

35
Q

What does actinobacillus suis cause?

A

septicemia and embolic disease in swine

36
Q

How are Actinobacillus sp. treated?

A

antimicrobials and supportive care

37
Q

How are Actinobacillus sp. controlled?

A

-good management
-proper nutrition
-reduction of handling stress
-barrier maintenance/hygiene
-vx

38
Q

Which Bordetella sp. are seen in which species?

A

-B. bronchiseptica: dogs and other hosts
-B. avium: poultry
-B. pertussis: humans
-B. parapertussis: humans and sheep

39
Q

What disease is caused by B. pertussis?

A

whooping cough

40
Q

What tissue is preferred by Bordetella sp.?

A

ciliated epithelium of resp. tract

41
Q

What are the characteristics of B. bronchiseptica?

A

-causes kennel cough in dogs
-causes atrophic rhinitis in pigs
-produces dermonecrotic toxin

42
Q

What disease is caused by B. avium?

A

turkey coryza

43
Q

How are Bordetella sp. diagnosed?

A

-culture
-PCR
-serology

44
Q

How are Bordetella sp. treated?

A

-isolation
-antimicrobials

45
Q

How are Bordetella sp. controlled?

A

-isolation
-minimizing risk
-vaccination
-cleaning/disinfection
-barrier protection

FA1 Bacteriology (21 decks)

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