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FA1 Bacteriology > Lecture 11 10/17/23 > Flashcards

Lecture 11 10/17/23 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma?

A

-smallest free living bacteria
-mollicutes
-no cell wall
-obligate parasites of mucus membranes
-colonize ciliated epithelium
-fastidious
-need close contact with carriers for transmission

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2
Q

How does not having a cell wall contribute to Mycoplasma characteristics?

A

-no gram staining capability
-pleomorphic/not rigid
-susceptible to drying
-not susceptible to cell wall targeting antimicrobials

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of M. mycoides mycoides?

A

-most virulent Mycoplasma in cattle
-causes contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
-reportable

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4
Q

How does an M. mycoides mycoides infection appear and why?

A

-extensive consolidation with marbled appearance
-due to interlobular septa and fibrinopurulent exudate

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma bovis?

A

-causes upper resp. disease
-common in cattle with feedlot pneumonia
-causes arthritis

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6
Q

Which species can cause mycoplasma mastitis?

A

-M. bovis
-M. californicum
-M. canadense
-M. alkalescens
-M. bovigenitalium

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7
Q

Which disease is caused by M. capricolum capripneumoniae?

A

contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

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8
Q

What is important about M. capricolum capripneumoniae?

A

it is a reportable disease

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9
Q

Which disease is caused by M. agalactiae?

A

contagious agalactia of sheep and goats

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10
Q

What other mycoplasma species are important in sheep and goats?

A

-M. capricolum capricolum
-M. mycoides mycoides
-M. mycoides capri
-M. ovipneumoniae

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11
Q

Which disease is caused by M. hypopneumoniae in swine?

A

enzootic pneumonia

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12
Q

Which other mycoplasma species are important in swine?

A

-M. hyorhinis
-M. hyosynoviae
-M. suis

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13
Q

What is enzootic pneumonia?

A

chronic resp. disease resulting in anteroventral bronchopneumonia

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14
Q

Which mycoplasma species in poultry are reportable?

A

-M. gallisepticum
-M. synoviae

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15
Q

What type of disease does M. gallisepticum cause?

A

chronic resp. disease

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16
Q

What type of disease does M. synoviae cause?

A

synovitis

17
Q

Which other two mycoplasma species are important in poultry?

A

-M. meleagridis
-M. iowae

18
Q

Which mycoplasma species are important in cats?

A

-M. felis
-M. gatae

19
Q

Which mycoplasma species is important in horses?

A

M. felis

20
Q

Which mycoplasma species is important in dogs?

A

M. canis

21
Q

Which mycoplasma species is important in lab animals?

A

M. pulmonis

22
Q

What are the characteristics of M. felis infection in horses?

A

-mild lower airway disease
-causes pleural effusion
-predisposes to secondary infection with S. zooepidemicus and anaerobes

23
Q

How can mycoplasma be diagnosed?

A

-specialized culture techniques looking for “fried egg” microcolonies
-PCR or MALDI TOF
-serology

24
Q

How can mycoplasma be treated?

A

antimicrobials (macrolides, tetracyclines, lincosamides, fluoroquinolones)

25
Q

Which antibiotics CANNOT be used against mycoplasma sp.?

A

beta lactams (cell wall active)

26
Q

How can mycoplasma species be controlled?

A

-test and cull
-biosecurity
-vaccination

27
Q

What are hemotrophic mycoplasma species?

A

mycoplasma sp. that infect RBCs

28
Q

Which hemotrophic mycoplasma sp. is important in cats?

A

M. hemofelis (infectious anemia)

29
Q

Which hemotrophic mycoplasma sp. is important in swine?

A

M. hemosuis

30
Q

Which hemotrophic mycoplasma sp. are important in dogs?

A

-M. hemocanis
-M. haemoominutum

31
Q

How are hemotrophic mycoplasma sp. diagnosed?

A

-CBC
-Coombs test
-microscopic detection in blood smear
-PCR

32
Q

How are hemotrophic mycoplasma sp. treated?

A

-antimicrobials (doxycycline and fluoroquinolone)
-blood transfusion
-corticosteroids
-IV glucose

33
Q

How are hemotrophic mycoplasma sp. controlled?

A

-isolate and treat
-control invertebrate vectors
-test blood donors
-culling

34
Q

What are the characteristics of L forms?

A

-cell-wall-deficient strains
-lack cell walls
-no gram staining
-not susceptible to cell wall active antimicrobials
-can be any species of bact. under stress

FA1 Bacteriology (21 decks)

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