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block 12 anna > lecture 12 the knee > Flashcards

lecture 12 the knee Flashcards

1
Q

largest synovial joint in the body

A

the knee

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2
Q

what do the bursa do in the knee

A

reduce friction

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3
Q

what are the menisci for

A

spreading weight evenly

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4
Q

what is the patella for

A

reduce the angle to quads work on

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5
Q

what type pf bone is the patella

A

sesamoid

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6
Q

what does sesamoid mean

A

bone that forms in a tendon

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7
Q

valgum

A

knees inwards

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8
Q

warum

A

knees outwards

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9
Q

medial collateral ligament appearance

A

flat and broad

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10
Q

where is the medial collateral ligament in relation to the capule

A

some is in the capsule some makes up th capsule

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11
Q

what is the intracapsule part of the medial collateral ligament attatched to

A

medial meniscus

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12
Q

why if you injure the MCL might you injure the medial meniscus

A

they are attatched

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13
Q

what force does the MCL resist

A

valgus

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14
Q

where does the LCL attatch

A

fibula bone

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15
Q

where is the LCL in relation to the capsule

A

extracapsular

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16
Q

what does the LCL resist

A

varus forces

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17
Q

which bone is more lateral in the leg

A

fibula

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18
Q

which bone is the ACL anterior on

A

tibia (travels posteriorly on the femur)

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19
Q

why are they called cruciate ligaments

A

they cross over

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20
Q

what are the cruciate ligaments for

A

resisting front and back forces

21
Q

where are the cruciate ligaments in relation to the capsule

A

intracapsular but extrasynovial

22
Q

when is the anterior cruciate ligament taught?

A

in extension

23
Q

how do you test for ACL rupture

A

anterior draw test and lachman’s

24
Q

when is the posterior cruciate ligament taut

A

flexion

25
Q

why is the posterior cruciate ligament less likely to be damages

A

you dont have accidents with the knee bent

26
Q

how would you try and fix cruciate ligament tears

A

arthroscopy

27
Q

describe the tissue of the menisci

A

avascular fibrocartilage

28
Q

medial menisci shape

A

cresent

29
Q

lateral menisci shape

A

O

30
Q

what the menisci in

A

they are in the capsule and surrounded by synovial fluid

31
Q

what is the nutritional supply of the menisci

A

synovial fluid

32
Q

what happens to knees when you stand for a long period of time to save energy

A

hyperextend

33
Q

when the knee locks what happens to the femur

A

internal rotation

34
Q

how do you unlock the knee

A

politeus rotates the tibia

35
Q

where do the vastus muscles work

A

on the knee

36
Q

what forms the patella tendon

A

the vastus muscles

37
Q

where does the patella tendon insert

A

tibial tuberosity

38
Q

what is the iliotibial band

A

thickening of the fascia lata

39
Q

main insertion of the gluteus maximus

A

iliotibilaband

40
Q

what is the tensor fascia lata supplied by

A

superior gluteal nerve

41
Q

what is the Q angle

A

position of the patella on the femur

42
Q

what makes the Q angle larger

A

wider hips

43
Q

flexors of the knee

A

hamstrings

44
Q

what are the hamstrings

A

semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris

45
Q

what provides extra reinforcement to the medial collateral ligament

A

Pes anserinus

46
Q

what is the Pes anserinus

A

conjoined tendon of three muscles

47
Q

what are the muscles of the Pes anserinus

A

Sartorius, gracilis and the semitendinosus

48
Q

Pes anserinus also known as

A

goose foot

49
Q

what does the anterolateral ligament do

A

attatches the femur to the tibia on the lateral side

block 12 anna (24 decks)

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